Journal ArticleDOI
Antineoplastic Agents from Plants
Monroe E. Wall,M. C. Wani +1 more
TLDR
This review presents a critical appraisal of the current status of plant antineoplas tic agents, with particular emphasis on chemical structure and the significant fea tures that are required for antitumor activity.Abstract:
Since at least 1500 Be plants and plant extracts have been recognized as having anticancer activities (1). Surveys by Hartwell (2, 3) listed at least 3000 species so used. However the rational, organized study of plants as sources of potential an tineoplastic agents probably commenced with the pioneering studies of Hartwell et al (4-8) during the period 1947-1953 in which for the first time pure plant constit uents were isolated, characterized, and associated with the antitumor activity of the crude plant extract.! This review presents a critical appraisal of the current status of plant antineoplas tic agents, with particular emphasis on chemical structure and the significant fea tures (where known) that are required for antitumor activity. This review deals only with plant antineoplastic agents of high activity against mouse leukemia and mouse and rat solid tumors as defined by the National Cancer Institute (9). All ofthe plant antitumor agents covered have excellent antitumor activity in one or more rodent tumor or leukemia systems combined with reasonable therapeutic indices so that the agents are either in clinical testing or scheduled for such studies. As a consequence, many substances with marginal activity or with high toxicity are not included in this review. Material covered in earlier reviews (1, 10) is not discussed unless additional information has become available since the time of the previous review.read more
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Phase II Trial of Taxol, an Active Drug in the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer
Frankie A. Holmes,Ronald S. Walters,Richard L. Theriault,Aman U. Buzdar,Debra Frye,Gabriel N. Hortobagyi,Arthur D. Forman,Lesley K. Newton,Martin N. Raber +8 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that taxol is an active agent in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and that it warrants continued study, and is conducting a phase I trial of taxol plus doxorubicin.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the mechanism of topoisomerase I inhibition by camptothecin: evidence for binding to an enzyme-DNA complex
TL;DR: Results are consistent with a model in which camptothecin reversibly traps an intermediate involved in DNA unwinding by topoisomerase I and thereby perturbs a set of equilibria, resulting in increased DNA cleavage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Medicinal plants and cancer chemoprevention.
Avni G. Desai,Ghulam Nabi Qazi,Ramesh K. Ganju,Mahmoud El-Tamer,Jaswant Singh,Ajit Kumar Saxena,Yashbir S. Bedi,Subhash C. Taneja,Hari K. Bhat +8 more
TL;DR: This review will focus on the various plant-derived chemical compounds that have, in recent years, shown promise as anticancer agents and will outline their potential mechanism of action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Paclitaxel versus doxorubicin as first-line single-agent chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer : a European organization for research and treatment of cancer randomized study with cross-over
Robert Paridaens,Laura Biganzoli,Peter F. Bruning,J.G.M. Klijn,Teresa Gamucci,S.J. Houston,Robert E. Coleman,Jacob Schachter,A. Van Vreckem,R. Sylvester,A. Awada,J. Wildiers,Martine Piccart +12 more
TL;DR: Doxorubicin and paclitaxel are not totally cross-resistant, which supports further investigation of these drugs in combination or in sequence, both in advanced disease and in the adjuvant setting.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Mechanistic and Functional Insights into DNA Topoisomerases
TL;DR: Recent advances in mechanistic insights into topoisomerases are covered, including a DNA helicase capable of modulating the directionality of strand passage, enabling important functions like reannealing denatured DNA and resolving recombination intermediates.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Plant antitumor agents. VI. The isolation and structure of taxol, a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from Taxus brevifolia.
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