Application of fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings
F. W. Campbell,John G. Robson +1 more
TLDR
The contrast thresholds of a variety of grating patterns have been measured over a wide range of spatial frequencies and the results show clear patterns of uniformity in the response to grating noise.Abstract:
1. The contrast thresholds of a variety of grating patterns have been measured over a wide range of spatial frequencies.2. Contrast thresholds for the detection of gratings whose luminance profiles are sine, square, rectangular or saw-tooth waves can be simply related using Fourier theory.3. Over a wide range of spatial frequencies the contrast threshold of a grating is determined only by the amplitude of the fundamental Fourier component of its wave form.4. Gratings of complex wave form cannot be distinguished from sine-wave gratings until their contrast has been raised to a level at which the higher harmonic components reach their independent threshold.5. These findings can be explained by the existence within the nervous system of linearly operating independent mechanisms selectively sensitive to limited ranges of spatial frequencies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of Edge Detection
David Marr,Ellen C. Hildreth +1 more
TL;DR: The theory of edge detection explains several basic psychophysical findings, and the operation of forming oriented zero-crossing segments from the output of centre-surround ∇2G filters acting on the image forms the basis for a physiological model of simple cells.
Book ChapterDOI
Shifts in selective visual attention: towards the underlying neural circuitry.
Christof Koch,Shimon Ullman +1 more
TL;DR: This study addresses the question of how simple networks of neuron-like elements can account for a variety of phenomena associated with this shift of selective visual attention and suggests a possible role for the extensive back-projection from the visual cortex to the LGN.
Journal ArticleDOI
Image coding using wavelet transform
TL;DR: A scheme for image compression that takes into account psychovisual features both in the space and frequency domains is proposed and it is shown that the wavelet transform is particularly well adapted to progressive transmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatiotemporal energy models for the perception of motion
TL;DR: In this article, the first stage consists of linear filters that are oriented in space-time and tuned in spatial frequency, and the outputs of quadrature pairs of such filters are squared and summed to give a measure of motion energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Uncertainty relation for resolution in space, spatial frequency, and orientation optimized by two-dimensional visual cortical filters.
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the 2D receptive-field profiles of simple cells in mammalian visual cortex are well described by members of this optimal 2D filter family, and thus such visual neurons could be said to optimize the general uncertainty relations for joint 2D-spatial-2D-spectral information resolution.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The contrast sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells of the cat.
TL;DR: Spatial summation within cat retinal receptive fields was studied by recording from optic‐tract fibres the responses of ganglion cells to grating patterns whose luminance perpendicular to the bars varied sinusoidally about the mean level.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical and retinal factors affecting visual resolution.
F. W. Campbell,D G Green +1 more
TL;DR: An improved version of the well-known interference fringe technique which theoretically allows a sinusoidal pattern of very high contrast to be formed directly on the retina to be obtained without prior modification by the optics of the eye is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical quality of the human eye.
F. W. Campbell,R. W. Gubisch +1 more
TL;DR: Optical quality of the eye was measured at eight pupil sizes between 1·5 and 6·6 mm diameter by recording the faint light emerging from the eye; this light was reflected from the bright image of a thin line on the fundus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical and photoelectric analog of the eye.
TL;DR: A photoelectric analog of the visual system is constructed in conformance with anatomical data, in the form of a color television camera chain feeding electrical signals to a “computer” (the brain).
Related Papers (5)
On the existence of neurones in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images.
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