Association between increased DNA mutational frequency and thermal inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus spores exposed to dry heat.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The results suggest that mutational damage is involved in the causal chain of events leading to inactivation of aerosolized endospores exposed to heat for sub-second time periods.Abstract:
Inactivation of viable bioaerosol particles, especially stress-resistant microorganisms, has important implications for biodefense and air quality control. It has earlier been shown that the loss of viability of bacterial endospores due to exposure to dry heat is associated with mutational damage. Previous studies, however, used non-aerosolized spores, long exposure times, and moderately elevated temperatures. This study was designed to investigate the mechanism of inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus endospores exposed to high temperatures for sub-second time periods. Bioaerosol was tested in a continuous air flow chamber under two flow rates, 18 L/min and 36 L/min. The chamber had a cylindrical electric heating element installed along its axis. The estimated characteristic exposure temperature (Texposure ) ranged from 164°C to 277°C (with an uncertainty of 21–26°C). To quantify mutational frequency, spores were cultivated after dry heat exposure on tryptic-soy agar and on antibiotic nalidixic acid media...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid inactivation of biological species in the air using atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasma.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that nonthermal plasma exposure could offer a highly efficient air decontamination technology and result in culturable bacterial aerosol diversity loss for both environments, especially pronounced for indoor environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of phytase under solid-state fermentation using Rhizopus oryzae: Novel strain improvement approach and studies on purification and characterization
Richa Rani,Sanjoy Ghosh +1 more
TL;DR: An improved HPLC method was introduced to confirm the ability of phytase to degrade phytic acid completely and was found to be an efficient method and demonstrates the phyt enzyme as highly thermostable and resistant to proteolysis, heavy metal ions, etc.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus atrophaeus (BG) endospores and MS2 viruses by combustion of reactive materials.
Sergey A. Grinshpun,Atin Adhikari,Michael Yermakov,Tiina Reponen,Edward L. Dreizin,Mirko Schoenitz,Vern K. Hoffmann,Shasha Zhang +7 more
TL;DR: A great biocidal potential of combustion products generated by novel iodine-containing nanocomposite materials is suggested, suggesting a great risk of accidental release of biological agents from a bioweapon facility.
Paleoecology of forest environments through time: evidence from stable isotopes of mammalian herbivores in the new world
TL;DR: I was very fortunate to have the help of my brother Keith Salomon always was there to help me with any computer programing challenges I came across and I would like to thank my mother and father for everything they have done for me throughout my entire life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanism of killing of spores of Bacillus anthracis in a high‐temperature gas environment, and analysis of DNA damage generated by various decontamination treatments of spores of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis
TL;DR: To determine how hydrated Bacillus anthracis spores are killed in a high‐temperature gas environment (HTGE), and how spores of several Bacillus species including B. anthracIS are killed by UV radiation, dry heat, wet heat and desiccation, data are analyzed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Resistance of Bacillus endospores to extreme terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments.
TL;DR: The molecular laboratory model of spore resistance mechanisms is summarized and attempts to use the model as a basis for exploration of the resistance of spores to environmental extremes both on Earth and during postulated interplanetary transfer through space as a result of natural impact processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spores of Bacillus subtilis: their resistance to and killing by radiation, heat and chemicals
TL;DR: Factors important in spore chemical resistance vary with the chemical, but include: (i) the spore coat proteins that likely react with and detoxify chemical agents; (ii) the relative impermeability of theSpore's inner membrane that restricts access of exogenous chemicals to the spur core; (iii) the protection of spore DNA by its saturation with α/β‐type SASP; and (iv) DNA repair for agents that kill spores via DNA damage
ReportDOI
Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare
TL;DR: Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare as discussed by the authors is a volume of the Textbook of Military Medicine series with the focus of the information being to foster discussion that may form the basis of doctrine and policy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Real-time measurement of fluorescence spectra from single airborne biological particles
Steven C. Hill,Ronald G. Pinnick,Stanley Niles,Yong-Le Pan,Stephen Holler,Richard K. Chang,Jerold R. Bottiger,Bean T. Chen,Chun-Sing Orr,Greg A. Feather +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a real-time system for measuring the laser-induced fluorescence (total and spectrally dispersed) of individual airborne particles, which can distinguish between some biological and nonbiological aerosols, and among several types of laboratory-generated biological aerosols.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of DNA damage in spores and in vitro by small, acid-soluble proteins from Bacillus species.
TL;DR: A role for alpha/beta-type SASP in protecting DNA against depurination (and thus promoting spore survival) was suggested by the demonstration that these proteins reduce the rate of DNA depurinations in vitro at least 20-fold.