Journal ArticleDOI
Balanced bridge modulator switch using Ti‐diffused LiNbO3 strip waveguides
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TLDR
In this paper, an experimental integrated optical version of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer switch, analogous to the microwave balanced bridge, is reported, formed by 3μm-wide Ti-diffused strip waveguides in LiNbO3 and the switch utilizes electro-optical tuning to achieve 3dB operation of the directional couplers.Abstract:
An experimental integrated optical version of the Mach‐Zehnder interferometer switch, analogous to the microwave balanced bridge, is reported. The bridge is formed by 3‐μm‐wide Ti‐diffused strip waveguides in LiNbO3 and the switch utilizes electro‐optical tuning to achieve 3‐dB operation of the directional couplers. The switching voltage required to switch between the states, corresponding to a π phase shift in one arm, equals 14.8 V. The cross talk between channels that corresponds to the extinction ratio when operated as an on‐off modulator is −21.6 dB.read more
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Frequency chirping in external modulators
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Silica-based single-mode waveguides on silicon and their application to guided-wave optical interferometers
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References
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Proceedings Article
Integrated optics
TL;DR: In this paper, the main theoretical and experimental developments to date in Integrated Optics are reviewed, including material considerations, guiding mechanisms, modulation, coupling and mode losses, as well as the fabrication and applications of periodic thin film structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrically switched optical directional coupler: Cobra
M. Papuchon,Y. Combemale,X. Mathieu,D. B. Ostrowsky,L. Reiber,A. M. Roy,B. Sejourne,M. Werner +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated optical switch/modulator consisting of an active directional coupler with a novel electrode configuration is presented, in titanium-diffused lithium niobate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electro‐optically switched coupler with stepped Δβ reversal using Ti‐diffused LiNbO3 waveguides
R. V. Schmidt,H. Kogelnik +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental electro-optical switched directional coupler is reported which is formed in LiNbO3 by diffused Ti strip waveguides and uses stepped reversed phase mismatching to provide electrical adjustment of both switch states.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fabrication techniques for surface-acoustic-wave and thin-film optical devices
TL;DR: In this article, the techniques of photolithography, electron lithography, X-ray lithography and ion bombardment etching are reviewed, and their advantages and disadvantages assessed from the point of view of fabricating surface-acoustic-wave and thin-film optical devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
GaAs electro‐optic directional‐coupler switch
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the fabrication and testing of a GaAs electro-optic directional-coupler (EDC) switch in which the fraction of light coupled from one waveguide channel to the other can be controlled by an applied electric field.