Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond cumulative risk: Distinguishing harshness and unpredictability as determinants of parenting and early life history strategy.
TLDR
Structural equation modeling provided empirical support for Ellis et al.'s (2009) theorizing, calling attention once again to the contribution of evolutionary analysis to understanding contemporary human parenting and development.Abstract:
Drawing on life history theory, Ellis and associates' (2009) recent across- and within-species analysis of ecological effects on reproductive development highlighted two fundamental dimensions of environmental variation and influence: harshness and unpredictability. To evaluate the unique contributions of these factors, the authors of present article examined data from a national sample 1364 mothers and their children participating in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Harshness was operationalized as income-to-needs ratio in the first 5 years of life; unpredictability was indexed by residential changes, paternal transitions, and parental job changes during this same period. Here the proposition was tested that these factors not only uniquely predict accelerated life-history strategy, operationalized in terms of sexual behavior at age 15, but that such effects are mediated by change over the early-childhood years in maternal depression and, thereby, observed maternal sensitivity in the early-elementary-school years. Structural equation modeling provided empirical support for Ellis et al.'s (2009) theorizing, calling attention once again to the contribution of evolutionary analysis to understanding contemporary human parenting and development. Implications of the findings for intervention are discussed.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cumulative risk and child development.
TL;DR: The child CR literature is reviewed, comparing CR to alternative multiple risk measurement models, and strengths and weaknesses of developmental CR research are discussed, offering analytic and theoretical suggestions to strengthen this growing area of scholarship.
Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution
TL;DR: The theory that biological species are descended from common ancestors provides an indispensable heuristic to understand why living organisms are what they are and do what they do.
Reference EntryDOI
Life history theory and evolutionary psychology.
TL;DR: An overview of life history theory and its main psychological applications can be found in this article, where basic trade-offs in life history allocations are discussed and the concept of Life History Strategies is introduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Childhood adversity and neural development: deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience
TL;DR: It is argued that these previously undifferentiated dimensions of experience exert strong and distinct influences on neural development that cannot be fully explained by prevailing models focusing only on stress pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolutionary basis of risky adolescent behavior: Implications for science, policy, and practice
Bruce J. Ellis,Marco Del Giudice,Thomas J. Dishion,Aurelio José Figueredo,Peter Gray,Vladas Griskevicius,Patricia H. Hawley,W. Jake Jacobs,Jenée James,Anthony A. Volk,David Wilson +10 more
TL;DR: The evolutionary model contends that understanding the evolutionary functions of adolescence is critical to explaining why adolescents engage in risky behavior and that successful intervention depends on working with, instead of against, adolescent goals and motivations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
TL;DR: The CES-D scale as discussed by the authors is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, which has been used in household interview surveys and in psychiatric settings.
Book
Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the Mathematical Basis for Multiple Regression/Correlation and Identification of the Inverse Matrix Elements is presented. But it does not address the problem of missing data.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution of life histories
TL;DR: In this article, age and size at maturity at maturity number and size of offspring Reproductive lifespan and ageing are discussed. But the authors focus on the effects of age and stage structure on fertility.
Book
Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed, worked-through example drawn from psychology, management, and sociology studies illustrate the procedures, pitfalls, and extensions of CFA methodology.