Journal ArticleDOI
Body-Mass Index and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of U.S. Adults
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TLDR
The risk of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, or other diseases increases throughout the range of moderate and severe overweight for both men and women in all age groups.Abstract:
Background Body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) is known to be associated with overall mortality. We investigated the effects of age, race, sex, smoking status, and history of disease on the relation between body-mass index and mortality. Methods In a prospective study of more than 1 million adults in the United States (457,785 men and 588,369 women), 201,622 deaths occurred during 14 years of follow-up. We examined the relation between body-mass index and the risk of death from all causes in four subgroups categorized according to smoking status and history of disease. In healthy people who had never smoked, we further examined whether the relation varied according to race, cause of death, or age. The relative risk was used to assess the relation between mortality and body-mass index. Results The association between body-mass index and the risk of death was substantially modified by smoking status and the presence of disease. In healthy people who had ne...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution
C. Arden Pope,Richard T. Burnett,Michael J. Thun,Eugenia E. Calle,Daniel Krewski,Kazuhiko Ito,George D. Thurston +6 more
TL;DR: Fine particulate and sulfur oxide--related pollution were associated with all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality and long-term exposure to combustion-related fine particulate air pollution is an important environmental risk factor for cardiopULmonary and lung cancer mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults.
TL;DR: Current patterns of overweight and obesity in the United States could account for 14 percent of all deaths from cancer in men and 20 percent of those in women, and increased body weight was associated with increased death rates for all cancers combined and for cancers at multiple specific sites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents.
Ram Weiss,James Dziura,Tania S. Burgert,William V. Tamborlane,Sara E. Taksali,Catherine W. Yeckel,Karin Allen,Melinda Lopes,Mary Savoye,John C. Morrison,Robert S. Sherwin,Sonia Caprio +11 more
TL;DR: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is high among obese children and adolescents, and it increases with worsening obesity, particularly in severely obese youngsters.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Potential Decline in Life Expectancy in the United States in the 21st Century
S. Jay Olshansky,Douglas J. Passaro,Ronald C. Hershow,Jennifer E. Layden,Bruce A. Carnes,Jacob A. Brody,Leonard Hayflick,Robert N. Butler,David B. Allison,David S. Ludwig +9 more
TL;DR: From an analysis of the effect of obesity on longevity, it is concluded that the steady rise in life expectancy during the past two centuries may soon come to an end.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Leon A. Adams,James F. Lymp,Jenny St. Sauver,Schuyler O. Sanderson,Keith D. Lindor,Ariel E. Feldstein,Paul Angulo +6 more
TL;DR: Mortality among community-diagnosed NAFLD patients is higher than the general population and is associated with older age, impaired fasting glucose, and cirrhosis, although the absolute risk is low.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Regression Models and Life-Tables
TL;DR: The analysis of censored failure times is considered in this paper, where the hazard function is taken to be a function of the explanatory variables and unknown regression coefficients multiplied by an arbitrary and unknown function of time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Body weight and mortality among women
JoAnn E. Manson,Walter C. Willett,Meir J. Stampfer,Graham A. Colditz,David J. Hunter,Susan E. Hankinson,Charles H. Hennekens,Frank E. Speizer +7 more
TL;DR: A J-shaped relation between body-mass index and overall mortality is observed and when women who had never smoked were examined separately, no increase in risk was observed among the leaner women, and a more direct relation between weight and mortality emerged.
Journal ArticleDOI
Indices of relative weight and obesity
TL;DR: The body mass index seems preferable over other indices of relative weight on these grounds as well as on the simplicity of the calculation and, in contrast to percentage of average weight, the applicability to all populations at all times.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effect of Age on the Association between Body-Mass Index and Mortality
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of age on optimal body weight is controversial, and few studies have had adequate numbers of subjects to analyze mortality as a function of body-mass index across age groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variations in mortality by weight among 750,000 men and women.
Edward A. Lew,Lawrence Garfinkel +1 more
TL;DR: The mortality findings of this study match closely those of the Build and Blood Pressure Study 1959 based on the experience of 412 million insured persons.