Journal ArticleDOI
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated for human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Samuel A. Bozzette,Christopher F. Ake,Henry K. Tam,Henry K. Tam,Sophia W. Chang,Thomas A. Louis +5 more
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TLDR
Use of newer therapies for HIV was associated with a large benefit in terms of mortality that was not diminished by any increase in the rate of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events or related mortality.Abstract:
Background Metabolic abnormalities associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, including dysglycemia and hyperlipidemia, are increasingly prevalent, and there is concern about the possibility of an association with accelerated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease among the 36,766 patients who received care for HIV infection at Veterans Affairs facilities between January 1993 and June 2001. Results For antiretroviral therapy, 70.2 percent of the patients received nucleoside analogues, 41.6 percent received protease inhibitors, and 25.6 percent received nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors for a median of 17 months, 16 months, and 9 months, respectively. Approximately 1000 patients received combination therapy with a protease inhibitor for at least 48 months, and approximately 1000 patients received combination therapy with a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor fo...read more
Citations
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2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines, and the American College of Physicians, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Stephan D. Fihn,Julius M. Gardin,Jonathan Abrams,Kathleen Berra,James C. Blankenship,Apostolos P. Dallas,Pamela S. Douglas,JoAnne M. Foody,Thomas C. Gerber,Alan L. Hinderliter,Spencer B. King,Paul Kligfield,Harlan M. Krumholz,Raymond Y. Kwong,Michael J. Lim,Jane A. Linderbaum,Michael J. Mack,Mark A. Munger,Richard L. Prager,Joseph F. Sabik,Leslee J. Shaw,Joanna D. Sikkema,Craig R. Smith,Sidney C. Smith,John A. Spertus,Sankey V. Williams +25 more
TL;DR: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/AmericanHeart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, and the AmericanCollege of Physicians, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for CardiovascularAngiography and Interventions, and Society of ThorACic Surgeons
Journal ArticleDOI
Combination antiretroviral therapy and the risk of myocardial infarction
Nina Friis-Møller,Caroline A. Sabin,Rainer Weber,Antonella d'Arminio Monforte,Wafaa El-Sadr,Peter Reiss,Rodolphe Thiébaut,Linda Morfeldt,Stéphane De Wit,Christian Pradier,Gonzalo Calvo,Matthew Law,Ole Kirk,Andrew N. Phillips,Jens D Lundgren +14 more
TL;DR: Combination antiretroviral therapy was independently associated with a 26 percent relative increase in the rate of myocardial infarction per year of exposure during the first four to six years of use, however, the absolute risk of my Cardiac Infarction was low and must be balanced against the marked benefits from antireTroviral treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased acute myocardial infarction rates and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease.
TL;DR: AMI rates and cardiovascular risk factors were increased in HIV compared with non-HIV patients, particularly among women, and cardiac risk modification strategies are important for the long-term care of HIV patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of early versus deferred antiretroviral therapy for HIV on survival.
Mari M. Kitahata,Stephen J. Gange,Alison G. Abraham,Barry Merriman,Michael S. Saag,Amy C. Justice,Robert S. Hogg,Steven G. Deeks,Joseph J. Eron,John T. Brooks,Sean B. Rourke,M. John Gill,Ronald J. Bosch,Jeffrey N. Martin,Marina B. Klein,Lisa P. Jacobson,Benigno Rodriguez,Timothy R. Sterling,Gregory D. Kirk,Sonia Napravnik,Anita Rachlis,Liviana Calzavara,Michael A. Horberg,Michael J. Silverberg,Kelly A. Gebo,James J. Goedert,Constance A. Benson,Ann C. Collier,Stephen E. Van Rompaey,Heidi M. Crane,Rosemary G. McKaig,Bryan Lau,Aimee M. Freeman,Richard D. Moore +33 more
TL;DR: The early initiation of antiretroviral therapy before the CD4+ count fell below two prespecified thresholds significantly improved survival, as compared with deferred therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cardiovascular risk and body-fat abnormalities in HIV-infected adults.
Steven K. Grinspoon,Andrew Carr +1 more
TL;DR: Progress in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment strategies for addressing cardiovascular risk in adults infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are discussed.
References
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Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators.
Frank J. Palella,Kathleen M. Delaney,Anne C. Moorman,Mark O. Loveless,Jack Fuhrer,Glen A. Satten,Diane J. Aschman,Scott D. Holmberg +7 more
TL;DR: The recent declines in morbidity and mortality due to AIDS are attributable to the use of more intensive antiretroviral therapies.
Book
Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model
TL;DR: A Cox Model-based approach was used to estimate the Survival and Hazard Functions and the results confirmed the need for further investigation into the role of natural disasters in shaping survival rates.
Journal ArticleDOI
A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance in patients receiving HIV protease inhibitors.
Andrew Carr,Katherine Samaras,Samantha Burton,Matthew Law,Judith Freund,Donald J. Chisholm,David A. Cooper +6 more
TL;DR: A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance is a common complication of HIV protease inhibitors and diabetes mellitus is relatively uncommon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1.
Amanda Mocroft,Stefano Vella,Thomas Benfield,Antonio Chiesi,Veronica Miller,Panagiotis Gargalianos,A d'Arminio Monforte,Israel Yust,Johan N. Bruun,Andrew N. Phillips,Jens D Lundgren +10 more
TL;DR: Death rates across Europe among patients infected with HIV-1 have been falling since September, 1995, and at the beginning of 1998 were less than a fifth of their previous level.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Efficiency of Cox's Likelihood Function for Censored Data
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that Cox's method has full asymptotic efficiency under conditions which are likely to be satisfied in many realistic situations, and the connection of Cox's methods with the Kaplan-Meier estimator of a survival curve is made explicit.