Journal ArticleDOI
Causal Models of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: From Common Simple Deficits to Multiple Developmental Pathways
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TLDR
Two theoretical models built around the idea of multiple neurodevelopmental pathways of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are elaborated, reviewing their relationship to one another in the light of recent data suggesting that delay aversion and executive functions might each make distinctive contributions to the development of the disorder.About:
This article is published in Biological Psychiatry.The article was published on 2005-06-01. It has received 866 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder & Executive dysfunction.read more
Citations
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Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review.
TL;DR: Difficulties with EF appear to be one important component of the complex neuropsychology of ADHD, and moderate effect sizes and lack of universality of EF deficits among individuals with ADHD suggest that EF weaknesses are neither necessary nor sufficient to cause all cases of ADHD.
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SeminarAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
TL;DR: Converging evidence from animal and human studies implicates the dysregulation of frontal-subcortical-cerebellar catecholaminergic circuits in the pathophysiology of ADHD, and molecular imaging studies suggest that abnormalities of the dopamine transporter lead to impaired neurotransmission.
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Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction.
TL;DR: This work proposes an integrative model that incorporates new neuroanatomical findings and emphasizes the interactions between parallel processing pathways as potential loci for dysfunction in ADHD and suggests a plan for future research on cognition grounded in neurophysiological and developmental considerations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Normal development of brain circuits.
Gregory Tau,Bradley S. Peterson +1 more
TL;DR: To contextualize the developmental origins of a wide array of neuropsychiatric illnesses, this review describes the development and maturation of neural circuits from the first synapse through critical periods of vulnerability and opportunity to the emergent capacity for cognitive and behavioral regulation, and finally the dynamic interplay across levels of circuit organization and developmental epochs.
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Functional Connectivity of Human Striatum: A Resting State fMRI Study
A Di Martino,Anouk Scheres,Daniel S. Margulies,Amc Kelly,Lucina Q. Uddin,Zarrar Shehzad,Bharat B. Biswal,Judith R. Walters,Francisco X. Castellanos,Michael P. Milham +9 more
TL;DR: This work provides a comprehensive functional connectivity analysis of basal ganglia circuitry in humans through a functional magnetic resonance imaging examination during rest and revealed subtler distinctions within striatal subregions not previously appreciated by task-based imaging approaches.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD.
TL;DR: A theoretical model that links inhibition to 4 executive neuropsychological functions that appear to depend on it for their effective execution is constructed and finds it to be strongest for deficits in behavioral inhibition, working memory, regulation of motivation, and motor control in those with ADHD.
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Predictive Reward Signal of Dopamine Neurons
TL;DR: Dopamine systems may have two functions, the phasic transmission of reward information and the tonic enabling of postsynaptic neurons.
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Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: does self-control resemble a muscle?
Mark Muraven,Roy F. Baumeister +1 more
TL;DR: The authors review evidence that self-control may consume a limited resource and conclude that the executive component of the self--in particular, inhibition--relies on a limited, consumable resource.
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Executive Functions and Developmental Psychopathology
TL;DR: It is revealed that EF deficits are consistently found in both ADHD and autism but not in CD (without ADHD) or in TS, and both the severity and profile of EF deficits appears to differ across ADHD and Autism.