Journal ArticleDOI
Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholine and choline in vascular dementia of Binswanger and multiple small infarct types as compared with Alzheimer-type dementia
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The results suggest that simultaneous determination of ACh and Ch concentrations in CSF may be useful for differentiating VDBt/MSID from ATD and that increasing the ACh level using cholinergic agents may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ATD as well as VDBT/MSIT, and is worthy of further investigation.Abstract:
The acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid were investigated in patients with vascular dementia of the Binswanger type (VDBT) or multiple small infarct type (MSID) as compared with patients with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD). The ACh concentration in patients with ATD was found to be significantly lower than in controls (73%, p < 0.0001), and showed a significant positive correlation with dementia scale scores (rs=0.63, p < 0.03). The Ch concentration in the CSF of ATD patients was approximately the same as in controls. In VDBT/MSID patients, the ACh concentration was significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.001), also showing a significant positive correlation with dementia scale scores (rs=0.62, p < 0.02), but was significantly higher than in ATD patients (p < 0.001). Moreover, the Ch concentration in VDBT/MSID patients was significantly higher than in controls (p < 0.001) or ATD patients (p < 0.001). These results suggest that simultaneous determination of ACh and Ch concentrations in CSF may be useful for differentiating VDBT/MSID from ATD and that increasing the ACh level using cholinergic agents may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ATD as well as VDBT/MSIT, and is worthy of further investigation.read more
Citations
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Review: cerebral microvascular pathology in ageing and neurodegeneration.
William R. Brown,Clara R. Thore +1 more
TL;DR: Cerebral microvascular pathology in ageing and neurodegeneration is a major concern in the field of neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology.
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Donepezil in vascular dementia: A randomized, placebo-controlled study
TL;DR: Donepezil-treated patients demonstrated significant improvements in cognition and global function compared with placebo- treated patients, and donepezil was well tolerated.
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Efficacy and Tolerability of Donepezil in Vascular Dementia Positive Results of a 24-Week, Multicenter, International, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Sandra E. Black,Gustavo C. Román,David S. Geldmacher,Stephen Salloway,Jane Hecker,Alistair Burns,Carlos Perdomo,Dinesh Kumar,Raymond D. Pratt +8 more
TL;DR: These data demonstrate that donepezil is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for VaD and show it may have an important place in the management of this condition.
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Membrane breakdown in acute and chronic neurodegeneration: focus on choline-containing phospholipids.
TL;DR: The finding that, in experimental studies, choline was a rate-limiting factor for phospholipid biosynthesis has stimulated clinical studies aimed at counteracting phospholIPid breakdown, e.g. by combinations of choline and cytidine.
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Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
TL;DR: Evidence of a causal connection between stroke or CVD and AD is addressed and further concerted epidemiological study of these related dementia types should aid in clinical decisions on the applicability of cholinergic treatments.
References
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“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease : report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
Guy M. McKhann,David A. Drachman,Marshall F. Folstein,Robert Katzman,Donald L. Price,Emanuel M. Stadlan +5 more
TL;DR: The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information becomes available.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vascular dementia Diagnostic criteria for research studies: Report of the NINDS‐AIREN International Workshop*
Gustavo C. Román,Thomas K. Tatemichi,T. Erkinjuntti,Jeffrey L. Cummings,Joseph C. Masdeu,J. H. Garcia,L. Amaducci,J. M. Orgogozo,A. Brun,Albert Hofman,D. M. Moody,M. D. O’Brien,T. Yamaguchi,Jordan Grafman,B. P. Drayer,D. A. Bennett,Marc Fisher,J. Ogata,E. Kokmen,F. Bermejo,Philip A. Wolf,P. B. Gorelick,K. L. Bick,A. K. Pajeau,M. A. Bell,Charles DeCarli,A. Culebras,Amos D. Korczyn,J. Bogousslavsky,A. Hartmann,P. Scheinberg +30 more
TL;DR: These criteria for the diagnosis of vascular dementia are intended as a guide for case definition in neuroepidemiologic studies, stratified by levels of certainty (definite, probable, and possible).
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