Change-Point Analysis of Survival Data with Application in Clinical Trials
Xuan Chen,Michael Baron +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors focus on the detection and estimation of changes in patients' failure rates, which is important for the evaluation and comparison of treatments and prediction of their effects.Abstract:
Effects of many medical procedures appear after a time lag, when a significant change occurs in subjects’ failure rate. This paper focuses on the detection and estimation of such changes which is important for the evaluation and comparison of treatments and prediction of their effects. Unlike the classical change-point model, measurements may still be identically distributed, and the change point is a parameter of their common survival function. Some of the classical change-point detection techniques can still be used but the results are different. Contrary to the classical model, the maximum likelihood estimator of a change point appears consistent, even in presence of nuisance parameters. However, a more efficient procedure can be derived from Kaplan-Meier estimation of the survival function followed by the least-squares estimation of the change point. Strong consistency of these estimation schemes is proved. The finite-sample properties are examined by a Monte Carlo study. Proposed methods are applied to a recent clinical trial of the treatment program for strong drug dependence.read more
Citations
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References
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Book ChapterDOI
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Edward L. Kaplan,Paul Meier +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the product-limit (PL) estimator was proposed to estimate the proportion of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t).
Book
Probability and Measure
TL;DR: In this paper, the convergence of distributions is considered in the context of conditional probability, i.e., random variables and expected values, and the probability of a given distribution converging to a certain value.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of abrupt changes: theory and application
TL;DR: A unified framework for the design and the performance analysis of the algorithms for solving change detection problems and links with the analytical redundancy approach to fault detection in linear systems are established.
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