Chaos in a good-cavity single-mode dye laser due to turbulent dye flow.
TL;DR: Results are presented that demonstrate that the light intensity of a good-cavity single-mode standing-wave dye laser can exhibit chaotic behavior, and that the chaos is probably due to the turbulent flow of dye within the dye cell.
Abstract: Experimental results are presented that demonstrate that the light intensity of a good-cavity single-mode standing-wave dye laser can exhibit chaotic behavior. The governing attractor is of dimensionality 6.5 and entropy 50 kbits/sec. An examination of the pump-laser beam before and after its interaction with the dye indicates that the chaos is probably due to the turbulent flow of dye within the dye cell. This interpretation is confirmed by the absence of chaos in two similar dye lasers that use a dye jet rather than a dye cell.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a stochastic, semiclassical model is developed for a multimode, homogeneously broadened laser with rapid dipole dephasing, appropriate for semiconductor, Ti:sapphire, or dye lasers.
Abstract: A stochastic, semiclassical model is developed for a multimode, homogeneously broadened laser with rapid dipole dephasing, appropriate for semiconductor, Ti:sapphire, or dye lasers. The theory self-consistently incorporates population dynamics including temporal beating effects and relaxation oscillations, spatial hole burning, coherent-wave mixing, and quantum noise. The model is valid for single- and compound-cavity lasers in which the mode frequencies are well defined. We pay particular attention to finding a useful mode basis in the case that the gain medium does not completely fill the cavity. This situation can lead to coupled-cavity effects. For typical systems the model is valid for pump rates up to several times threshold and is tractable for numerical simulations. The theoretical development described in this paper is applied to an experimental system in a companion paper (J. Opt. Soc. Am. B14, 180 (1997)].
24 citations
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TL;DR: Effects of multiplicative noise on the laser instability in a He-Ne laser are investigated by photon-counting measurements, revealing the importance of the nonlinearity of light-matter interaction even for negative pump-parameter values.
Abstract: Effects of multiplicative noise on the laser instability in a He-Ne laser are investigated by photon-counting measurements. Several new features, such as the shift of the threshold of laser oscillation and intensity fluctuations in excess of unity, are observed. Our measurements also reveal the importance of the nonlinearity of light-matter interaction even for negative pump-parameter values.
24 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of optical inhomogeneity in the gain medium on the bandwidth of a rhodamine 6G dye laser transversely pumped by a copper vapor laser was investigated.
Abstract: Fluctuations in output of a pulsed dye laser are inevitable and seriously affect the realization of their full potential as a narrow-bandwidth tunable source. High-repetition-rate dye lasers require the flow of the dye solution to be at sufficiently high speed across the pump region so as to replace the heated medium and move it away from the dye laser axis. This introduces instabilities and fluctuations in the lasing medium, thereby affecting the bandwidth and wavelength of the dye laser. We report the effect of optical inhomogeneity in the gain medium on the bandwidth of a rhodamine 6G dye laser transversely pumped by a copper vapor laser. It is observed that the bandwidth of the dye laser decreases with increasing Reynolds number within the laminar region of flow.
11 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a numerical analysis of chaotic effects in flared laser structures is presented, where a model based on the beam propagation method is used which includes saturation and temperature effects, and instability observed at the output are shown to be chaotic.
Abstract: A numerical analysis of chaotic effects in flared laser structures is presented. A numerical model based on the beam propagation method is used which includes saturation and temperature effects. Instabilities observed at the output are shown to be chaotic. Reconstruction of the strange attractor is employed for analysis of the leading Lyapunov exponent and the correlation dimension. Different control parameters are examined, and all show several phases of the system: stable, periodic, and chaotic.
10 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the design requirements of a high-stability narrowband dye laser with a curved dye cell, pumped by a copper vapor laser, are discussed, and a dye laser based on this geometry was operated from Reynolds number 184 to 1100.
Abstract: The design requirements of a high-stability narrowband dye laser with a curved dye cell, pumped by a copper vapor laser, are discussed. The design is simple and easy to fabricate at low cost. It is shown that the curved dye-cell geometry, with hydraulic diameter varying from 23 to 1 mm and curvature ratio varying from 1 to 81, creates flow conditions that meet the requirements of a stable narrowband tunable dye laser. It is shown numerically that the eddy sizes, temperature fluctuations, and associated energies in boundary layer are responsible for the fluctuations in the output. A dye laser based on this geometry was operated from Reynolds number 184 to 1100. The numerical results agree with the experimental results showing better dye laser stability at higher Reynolds number.
9 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a method for estimating the Kolmogorov entropy directly from a time signal is proposed and tested on examples, which should prove valuable for characterizing experimental chaotic signals.
Abstract: A new method for estimating the Kolmogorov entropy directly from a time signal is proposed and tested on examples. The method should prove valuable for characterizing experimental chaotic signals.
1,230 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the linewidth of a cw-single-mode tunable dye laser has been investigated and it was found that the linwidth is determined by microscopic velocity fluctuations of the turbulent flow within the dye cell of the laser and by fluctuations of pump power.
Abstract: The linewidth of a cw-single-mode tunable dye laser has been investigated. It was found that the linewidth is determined by microscopic velocity fluctuations of the turbulent flow within the dye cell of the laser and by fluctuations of the pump power. The linewidth is further influenced by mechanical disturbances and by temperature fluctuations of the dye solution. The results of the investigations made it possible to achieve a reduction of the velocity fluctuations. It is shown that under adequate operating conditions the free-running dye laser has a linewidth of 2 MHz.
39 citations
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TL;DR: The dimensionality of the system and its degree of chaos have been found to depend on the spectral power density and the contributions of stochastic and of chaotic processes to the limited mode correlation time have been unraveled.
Abstract: The dynamics of a cw pumped, multimode dye laser system have been experimentally investigated by measuring the mode correlation times ${t}_{\mathrm{mode}}$, the second-order dimension ${D}_{2}$ of the attractor of the system, and the corresponding second-order entropy ${K}_{2}$. Dynamical instabilities have been observed as discontinuous changes of ${t}_{\mathrm{mode}}$, ${D}_{2}$, and ${K}_{2}$ at distinct values of the spectral power density P/\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\lambda}. Over the whole investigated range of P/\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\lambda}, the analysis of the experimental data yields sufficient conditions for deterministic chaos. The dimensionality of the system and its degree of chaos have been found to depend on the spectral power density. The contributions of stochastic and of chaotic processes to the limited mode correlation time have been unraveled.
32 citations
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