Book ChapterDOI
Chemical Setting and Biogeochemical Reactions in Meromictic Lakes
Martin Schultze,Bertram Boehrer,Katrin Wendt-Potthoff,Sergei Katsev,Erik T. Brown +4 more
- pp 35-59
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TLDR
The chemical composition of meromictic lake waters varies widely. as discussed by the authors divided Chap. 3 into four sections and discussed biogeochemical aspects of monimolimnetic sediments from a palaeolimnologic perspective.Abstract:
The chemical composition of meromictic lake waters varies widely. Concentrations of total dissolved substances (TDS ) range from very low ( 300 g L−1), i.e. saturated with respect to particular salts. pH varies from acidic ( 10), and redox conditions range from well oxygenated and dominated by high concentrations of dissolved ferric iron (Eh about 600 mV in iron-rich acidic pit lakes) to strongly reduced (Eh < −100 mV). While the ranges of TDS and pH apply to both mixolimnion and monimolimnion, redox conditions are typically oxic for mixolimnion (except for hypolimnion in some meromictic lakes during thermal stratification) and permanently anoxic for monimolimnion. Concentrations of reduced chemical species, e.g. ferrous iron, hydrogen sulphide and ammonia, vary over a wide range in monimolimnia. Chemical differences between mixolimnion and monimolimnion are the reason for density differences that keep the stratification stable. Several processes occur in the water column of meromictic lakes that are known from sediments of holomictic lakes. Permanently anoxic conditions above the monimolimnetic sediments of meromictic lakes provide better conditions for the conservation of settling organic material and prevent disturbance by bioturbation . Based on these special conditions, we divide Chap. 3 into four sections. After a brief introduction, we present ten selected examples to illustrate the variety of chemical conditions in meromictic lakes in Sect. 3.2. We refer also to appropriate case studies presented in Chaps. 5–12. Section 3.3 is devoted to biogeochemical processes that have the potential for creating and sustaining meromixis and that occur in the water column of meromictic lakes but usually not in the water column of holomictic lakes. Special biogeochemical aspects of monimolimnetic sediments in meromictic lakes are presented in Sect. 3.4 from a palaeolimnologic point of view.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Tracing lake mixing and oxygenation regime using the Fe/Mn ratio in varved sediments: 2000 year-long record of human-induced changes from Lake Żabińskie (NE Poland)
TL;DR: The Fe/Mn record accurately traced past changes in lake mixing intensity and related shifts in water column oxygenation, and showed that the Fe and Mn ratio mainly responded to changes in redox potential in hypolimnetic waters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of water column stratification and mixing patterns on the fate of methane produced in deep sediments of a small eutrophic lake
TL;DR: In this article, a small eutrophic lake (Soppensee, Switzerland) was sampled for CH4 concentrations profiles and emissions, combined with water column hydrodynamics to investigate the fate of CH4 produced in hypolimnetic sediments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulations of future changes in thermal structure of Lake Erken: proof of concept for ISIMIP2b lake sector local simulation strategy
TL;DR: In this article, the impacts of different levels of global warming on the thermal structure of Lake Erken (Sweden) were assessed using the General Ocean Turbulence Model (GOTM) with a bias-corrected climate model as input.
Journal ArticleDOI
The biogeochemistry of ferruginous lakes and past ferruginous oceans
Elizabeth D. Swanner,Nicholas Lambrecht,Nicholas Lambrecht,Chad Wittkop,Chris Harding,Sergei Katsev,J. Torgeson,Simon W. Poulton +7 more
TL;DR: Ferruginous meromictic lakes have been used as biogeochemical analogies for ancient ferruginou oceans as discussed by the authors, and their sediments commonly host siderite and Ca-carbonates, which are important Precambrian records of carbon cycling.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of internal feedbacks in shifting deep lake mixing regimes under a warming climate
Jorrit Mesman,Jorrit Mesman,Julio Alberto Alegre Stelzer,Julio Alberto Alegre Stelzer,Julio Alberto Alegre Stelzer,Vasilis Dakos,Stéphane Goyette,Ian D. Jones,Jérôme Kasparian,Daniel Frank Mcginnis,Bastiaan Willem Ibelings +10 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that climate warming is causing changes in the physics of deep lakes, such as longer summer stratification, increased water column stability, reduced ice cover, and a shallower depth of winter overturns.
References
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Book
Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical Approach
TL;DR: In this article, Berner developed the mathematical theory of early diagenesis, introducing a general diagenetic equation and discussing it in terms of each major diagenetics process, including diffusion, compaction, pore-water flow, burial advection, bioturbation, adsorption, radioactive decay and especially chemical and biochemical reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation discovered in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor
TL;DR: Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a new process in which ammonium is oxidized with nitrate serving as the electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions, producing dinitrogen gas, and has been given the name ‘Anammox’ (anaerobic ammonia oxidation), and has be patented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Applications of organic geochemistry to paleolimnological reconstructions: a summary of examples from the Laurentian Great Lakes
TL;DR: The organic matter content of lake sediments contains information that helps to reconstruct past environmental conditions, evaluate histories of climate change, and assess impacts of humans on local ecosystems as discussed by the authors, and serve as proxies of organic matter delivery and accumulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
D.G. Frey and E.S. Deevey Review 1: Numerical tools in palaeolimnology – Progress, potentialities, and problems
TL;DR: In this article, the advantages and disadvantages of the preferred technique (weighted averaging partial least squares) are reviewed and the problems in model selection are discussed and the need for evaluation and validation of reconstructions is emphasised.
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