Cloud detection over snow and ice with oxygen A- and B-band observations from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC)
TLDR
In this paper, a novel elevation and zenith-angle-dependent threshold scheme was developed based on radiative transfer model simulations that achieves significant improvements over the existing algorithm, which is applicable for all snow and ice surfaces including Antarctic, sea ice, high-latitude snow, and high-altitude glacier regions.Abstract:
. Satellite cloud detection over snow and ice has been difficult for passive
remote sensing instruments due to the lack of contrast between clouds and
cold/bright surfaces; cloud mask algorithms often heavily rely on shortwave
infrared (IR) channels over such surfaces. The Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera
(EPIC) on board the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) does not have
infrared channels, which makes cloud detection over snow and ice surfaces
even more challenging. This study investigates the methodology of applying
EPIC's two oxygen absorption band pair ratios in the A band (764, 780 nm) and
B band (688, 680 nm) for cloud detection over the snow and ice surfaces.
We develop a novel elevation and zenith-angle-dependent threshold scheme
based on radiative transfer model simulations that achieves significant
improvements over the existing algorithm. When compared against a composite
cloud mask based on geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) and low Earth orbit
(LEO) sensors, the positive detection rate over snow and ice surfaces
increased from around 36 % to 65 % while the false detection rate
dropped from 50 % to 10 % for observations of January 2016 and 2017. The
improvement in July is less substantial due to relatively better performance
in the current algorithm. The new algorithm is applicable for all snow and
ice surfaces including Antarctic, sea ice, high-latitude snow, and
high-altitude glacier regions. This method is less reliable when clouds are
optically thin or below 3 km because the sensitivity is low in oxygen band
ratios for these cases.read more
Citations
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