Journal ArticleDOI
Coagulation of Whole Blood Stimulates Interleukin-1β Gene Expression
Maria D. Mileno,Nathan H. Margolis,Burton D. Clark,Charles A. Dinarello,John F. Burke,Jeffrey A. Gelfand +5 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that IL-1 beta gene expression is not present in circulating cells of healthy subjects and that coagulation is a stimulus for IL- 1 beta geneexpression, which may be a mechanism by which thrombosis produces inflammation and fever.Abstract:
To study interleukin (IL)-1 beta gene expression, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used on 25-microL whole blood samples from 11 healthy subjects. Coagulated and unclotted whole blood was compared. There was no evidence of IL-1 beta gene expression in any time zero samples (i.e., whole blood from which mRNA was immediately extracted) from 11 subjects, whereas a 388-bp band representing IL-1 beta mRNA was detected in all coagulated samples. No mRNA for IL-1 beta was detected in EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood, although in these samples the addition of lipopolysaccharide as a positive control induced the expression of IL-1 beta. In time course studies on samples allowed to clot, mRNA for IL-1 beta was detectable after 30 min. These findings demonstrate that IL-1 beta gene expression is not present in circulating cells of healthy subjects and that coagulation is a stimulus for IL-1 beta gene expression. This may be a mechanism by which thrombosis produces inflammation and fever.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Inflammation and coagulation.
Marcel Levi,Tom van der Poll +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that activation of the coagulation system and ensuing thrombin generation is dependent on expression of tissue factor and the simultaneous down-regulation of endothelial-bound anticoagulant mechanisms and endogenous fibrinolysis, and activated coagulations may affect specific cellular receptors on inflammatory cells and endothelial cells and thereby modulate the inflammatory response.
Journal ArticleDOI
IL-18: A TH1-inducing, proinflammatory cytokine and new member of the IL-1 family.
TL;DR: Inhibitors of ICE activity may limit the biologic activity of IL-18 and may be useful as TH1 immunosuppressive agents, which appear to place this cytokine in the IL-1 family.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin-1, interleukin-1 receptors and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist.
TL;DR: There is growing evidence that the production and activity of IL-1, particularly IL- 1 beta, are tightly regulated events as if nature has placed specific "road blocks" to reduce the response toIL-1 during disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin-18 and interleukin-1β: Two cytokine substrates for ICE (caspase-1)
TL;DR: The role of processing enzymes in the generation of bioactive cytokines, particularly IL-1β and the novel cytokine IL-18, and the importance of alternative cleavage enzymes are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gene expression, synthesis, and secretion of interleukin 18 and interleukin 1β are differentially regulated in human blood mononuclear cells and mouse spleen cells
TL;DR: Although IL-18 and IL-1beta are likely members of the same family, constitutive gene expression, synthesis, and processing are different for the two cytokines.
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