Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive processes in depression
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TLDR
During depressive episodes, patients show both qualitative and quantitative changes in how information is processed, and disruptions in arousal-activation in depression can account for these cognitive impairments.Abstract:
During depressive episodes, patients show both qualitative and quantitative changes in how information is processed. Depressed patients appear to use weak or incomplete encoding strategies to organize and transform events to be remembered. This makes these events less memorable. If the depressed patient is provided organization and structure, then learning-memory deficits are not apparent. Disruptions in arousal-activation in depression can account for these cognitive impairments.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression.
TL;DR: The hopelessness theory is silent about the time lag between formation of hopelessness and onset of the symptoms of depression as mentioned in this paper, however, the hopelessness cause, as opposed to a hopelessness subtype, of depression has not been examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reciprocal limbic-cortical function and negative mood: converging PET findings in depression and normal sadness
Helen S. Mayberg,Mario Liotti,Stephen K. Brannan,Scott M. McGinnis,Roderick K. Mahurin,Paul A Jerabek,J. Arturo Silva,Janet L. Tekell,C. C. Martin,Jack L. Lancaster,Peter T. Fox +10 more
TL;DR: Reciprocal changes involving subgenual cingulate and right prefrontal cortex occur with both transient and chronic changes in negative mood, suggesting that these regional interactions are obligatory and probably mediate the well-recognized relationships between mood and attention seen in both normal and pathological conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Affect and Memory: A Review
TL;DR: A critical review of the empirical literature on the role of depression and elation in biasing mnemonic processing finds two classes of effects—state dependence and mood congruence—are examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diathesis-stress theories in the context of life stress research: Implications for the depressive disorders.
Scott M. Monroe,Anne D. Simons +1 more
TL;DR: Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of life stress in the past 2 decades raise several questions concerning traditional diathesis-stress theories of psychopathology, and information is available on diatheses and stress for specific disorders to provide a foundation for more empirically based hypotheses about diathetic-stress interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Limbic-cortical dysregulation: a proposed model of depression.
TL;DR: A working model of depression implicating failure of the coordinated interactions of a distributed network of limbic-cortical pathways is proposed to facilitate continued integration of clinical imaging findings with complementary neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and electrophysiological studies in the investigation of the pathogenesis of affective disorders.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness
TL;DR: This is an account of further work on a rating scale for depressive states, including a detailed discussion on the general problems of comparing successive samples from a ‘population’, the meaning of factor scores, and the other results obtained.
Book ChapterDOI
Human memory ; A proposed system and its control processes
TL;DR: This chapter presents a general theoretical framework of human memory and describes the results of a number of experiments designed to test specific models that can be derived from the overall theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.
Endel Tulving,Donald M. Thomson +1 more
TL;DR: This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items.
Journal ArticleDOI
Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory.
Fergus I. M. Craik,Endel Tulving +1 more
TL;DR: For instance, Craik and Lockhart as discussed by the authors explored the levels of processing framework for human memory research and found that deeper encodings took longer to accomplish and were associated with higher levels of performance on the subsequent memory test.