Core concepts of spatial prioritisation in systematic conservation planning.
Aija S. Kukkala,Atte Moilanen +1 more
TLDR
Systematic conservation planning is a field of conservation biology concerned with delivering on‐the‐ground actions that achieve conservation goals, with a strong focus on mobilising the collective action typically required to implement conservation.Abstract:
Systematic conservation planning (SCP) is a field of conservation biology concerned with delivering on-the-ground actions that achieve conservation goals. It describes a set of operational models that cover both design and implementation of conservation, with a strong focus on mobilising the collective action typically required to implement conservation. SCP, as it was originally described, was composed of six different stages: collection of data, identification of conservation goals, evaluation of the existing protected area network, design of expansions, implementation of conservation action, and long-term maintenance of biodiversity in the network. Since then, the operational model has been expanded into several different variants. Conservation actions applied inside SCP include establishment and expansion of reserve networks and allocation of habitat restoration and management.
Within the broader context of SCP, there is a fundamental biogeographic-economic analysis frequently called spatial conservation prioritisation or conservation assessment, which is used for identifying where important areas for biodiversity are and how conservation goals might be achieved efficiently. Here, we review the usage and meaning of the 12 biogeographic-economic core concepts of SCP: adequacy, complementarity, comprehensiveness, effectiveness, efficiency, flexibility, irreplaceability, replacement cost, representation, representativeness, threat, and vulnerability. Some of the concepts have clear definitions whereas others may have alternative and possibly conflicting definitions. With a comprehensive literature review literature, we elucidate the historical backgrounds of these concepts, the first definitions and usages, alternative later definitions, key applications, and prior reviews. This review reduces linguistic uncertainty in the application of SCP. Since SCP is a global activity with a multitude of different stakeholders involved, it is vital that those involved can speak the same language. Through these concepts, this review serves as a source of information about the historical development of SCP. It provides a comprehensive review for anyone wishing to understand the key concepts of spatial prioritisation within SCP.read more
Citations
More filters
Protected Planet Report 2014
Diego Juffe-Bignoli,Neil D. Burgess,Heather Bingham,Elise M. S. Belle,M.G. de Lima,Marine Deguignet,Bastian Bertzky,Amy Milam,Javier Martínez-López,Edward Lewis,April Eassom,Sylvia Wicander,Jonas Geldmann,A. van Soesbergen,Andy Arnell,Brian O'Connor,Sun Hwa Park,Y.N. Shi,Fiona Danks,Brian MacSharry,Naomi Kingston +20 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Global protected area expansion is compromised by projected land-use and parochialism
Federico Montesino Pouzols,Tuuli Toivonen,Enrico Di Minin,Aija S. Kukkala,Peter Kullberg,Johanna Kuusterä,Joona Lehtomäki,Henrikki Tenkanen,Peter H. Verburg,Atte Moilanen +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that with a coordinated global protected area network expansion to 17% of terrestrial land, average protection of species ranges and ecoregions could triple and a major efficiency gap between national and global conservation priorities is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods and workflow for spatial conservation prioritization using Zonation
Joona Lehtomäki,Atte Moilanen +1 more
TL;DR: This work facilitates well-informed design and application of Zonation analyses for the purpose of spatial conservation planning and focuses on common pre- and post-processing stages of analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conservation Biology: The Science of Scarcity and Diversity
TL;DR: This book is an excellent introduction to the breadth and depth of conservation biology and shows how recent studies of edge effects are revolutionizing assumptions about how well species can survive in small reserves--edge effects, including drying of vegetation and increased predation on birds’ nests, can reach hundreds of meters into forest remnants to decrease the abundance of forest species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global priorities for conservation across multiple dimensions of mammalian diversity.
Fernanda Thiesen Brum,Fernanda Thiesen Brum,Catherine H. Graham,Gabriel C. Costa,S. Blair Hedges,Caterina Penone,Volker C. Radeloff,Carlo Rondinini,Rafaela Loyola,Ana D. Davidson,Ana D. Davidson,Ana D. Davidson +11 more
TL;DR: This work provides the first biological map of priority areas that captures all three dimensions of mammalian biodiversity: taxonomic, phylogenetic, and traits, and finds limited overlap in priority regions across the three dimensions and with currently protected areas.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities
Norman Myers,Russell A. Mittermeier,Cristina G. Mittermeier,Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,Jennifer Kent +4 more
TL;DR: A ‘silver bullet’ strategy on the part of conservation planners, focusing on ‘biodiversity hotspots’ where exceptional concentrations of endemic species are undergoing exceptional loss of habitat, is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
TL;DR: Range-restricted species, particularly polar and mountaintop species, show severe range contractions and have been the first groups in which entire species have gone extinct due to recent climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Biodiversity
TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that the term "fragmentation" should be reserved for the breaking apart of habitat, independent of habitat loss, and that fragmentation per se has much weaker effects on biodiversity that are at least as likely to be positive as negative.
Book
Systematic Conservation Planning
C. R. Margules,Robert L. Pressey +1 more
TL;DR: A more systematic approach to locating and designing reserves has been evolving and this approach will need to be implemented if a large proportion of today's biodiversity is to exist in a future of increasing numbers of people and their demands on natural resources.