Journal ArticleDOI
Cytochrome P-450 activities in human and rat brain microsomes.
Pierre Voirol,Michèle Jonzier-Perey,F. Porchet,Marianne J. Reymond,Robert C. Janzer,Constantin Bouras,Henry W. Strobel,Markus Kosel,Chin B. Eap,Pierre Baumann +9 more
TLDR
It is concluded that cytochrome P450 activity in the brain is very low, but that psychotropic drugs could undergo a local cerebral metabolism which could have pharmacological and/or toxicological consequences.About:
This article is published in Brain Research.The article was published on 2000-02-14. It has received 78 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Microsome & Dextrorphan.read more
Citations
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Cytochrome P450 2D6: overview and update on pharmacology, genetics, biochemistry
TL;DR: The intricate genetics of the CYP2D6 polymorphism is becoming apparent at ever greater detail, applications in clinical practice are still rare, and more clinical studies are needed to show where patients benefit from drug dose adjustment based on their genotype.
Journal Article
Acute ethanol administration oxidatively damages and depletes mitochondrial dna in mouse liver, brain, heart, and skeletal muscles: protective effects of antioxidants.
TL;DR: For the first time, ethanol metabolism also causes oxidative degradation of the mitochondrial genome in brain, heart, and skeletal muscles, and these effects could contribute to the development of (cardio)myopathy and brain injury in some alcoholic patients.
Journal Article
Drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450s in the brain.
Sharon Miksys,Rachel F. Tyndale +1 more
TL;DR: Much investigative work remains to be done to firmly establish the links between the presence of CYPs in brain, their function in this highly heterogeneous and complex organ and the consequences on overall brain function and health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in the normal human brain: regional and cellular mapping as a basis for putative roles in cerebral function.
Fabien Dutheil,Sandrine Dauchy,Monique Diry,Véronique Sazdovitch,Olivier Cloarec,Lucille Mellottee,Ivan Bièche,Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg,Jean-Pierre Flinois,Isabelle de Waziers,Philippe Beaune,Xavier Declèves,Charles Duyckaerts,Marie-Anne Loriot +13 more
TL;DR: The results show the presence of a large variety of xenobiotic transporters and metabolizing enzymes in human brain and show for the first time their apparent selective distribution in different cerebral regions.
Journal Article
Mechanisms of modafinil: A review of current research.
Paul Gerrard,Robert Malcolm +1 more
TL;DR: Previously published research on modafinil’s neural, cytoprotective, and cognitive effects are summarized and proposed, and possible primary biochemical targets that could underlie the effects of modafInil observed in these studies are proposed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Differential selectivity of cytochrome P450 inhibitors against probe substrates in human and rat liver microsomes
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the selectivity and rank the order of potency of a range of iso-form-selective CYP inhibitors and compare directly the effects of these inhibitors in human and rat hepatic microsomes.
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Five distinct human cytochromes mediate amitriptyline N-demethylation in vitro: dominance of CYP 2C19 and 3A4.
Karthik Venkatakrishnan,David J. Greenblatt,Lisa L. von Moltke,Jürgen Schmider,Jerold S. Harmatz,Richard I. Shader +5 more
TL;DR: The human cytochromes P450 (CYPs) mediating amitriptyline N‐demethylation have been identified using a combination of enzyme kinetic and chemical inhibition studies and kinetics were consistent with a two enzyme model.
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Weight Gain Associated With Neuroleptic Medication: A Review
TL;DR: The empirical literature on weight gain associated with neuroleptic drug use is reviewed, finding that Clozapine and low-potency phenothiazines are associated with the largest gains and molindone with weight loss, but the mechanism is not known.
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Polymorphic Drug Oxidation
Leif Bertilsson,Marja-Liisa Dahl +1 more
TL;DR: The high incidence of PM (and of heterozygous extensive metabolisers) of S-mephenytoin in Asia might be the reason for the reported higher sensitivity of Orientals to diazepam compared with Caucasians.
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MPTP, the neurotoxin inducing Parkinson's disease, is a potent competitive inhibitor of human and rat cytochrome P450 isozymes (P450bufI, P450db1) catalyzing debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation.
TL;DR: Immunoblotting experiments revealed the presence of a protein in rat and human brain microsomes with the same electrophoretic properties as the liver enzyme, suggesting that P450bufI may be involved in the metabolism and neurotoxicity of MPTP.