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Demonstration of mode splitting in an optical microcavity in aqueous environment

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TLDR
In this article, a whispering gallery mode resonator is demonstrated in aqueous environment and the rate of change in splitting as particles enter the resonator mode volume strongly depends on the concentration of particle solution.
Abstract
Scatterer induced modal coupling and the consequent mode splitting in a whispering gallery mode resonator is demonstrated in aqueous environment. The rate of change in splitting as particles enter the resonator mode volume strongly depends on the concentration of particle solution: The higher is the concentration, the higher is the rate of change. Polystyrene nanoparticles of radius 50nm with concentration as low as 5x10^(-6)wt% have been detected using the mode splitting spectra. Observation of mode splitting in water paves the way for constructing advanced resonator based sensors for measuring nanoparticles and biomolecules in various environments.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Detecting single viruses and nanoparticles using whispering gallery microlasers.

TL;DR: A whispering gallery mode microlaser-based real-time and label-free detection method that can detect individual 15-nm-radius polystyrene nanoparticles, 10-nm gold nanoparticles and influenza A virions in air, and 30 nm polystyren nanoparticles in water.
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Whispering gallery microcavity lasers

TL;DR: In this article, the progress in WGM microcavity lasers is summarized, and the laser performance considering resonator geometries and materials as well as lasing mechanisms is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Label-free detection with high-Q microcavities: a review of biosensing mechanisms for integrated devices.

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review of the sensing mechanisms utilized in this emerging field, their physics, engineering and material science aspects, and their application to nanoparticle analysis and biomolecular detection is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI

What is and what is not electromagnetically induced transparency in whispering-gallery microcavities

TL;DR: The pathways leading to electromagnetically induced transparency, Fano resonances and Autler-Townes splitting in coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonators are demonstrated and the application of the Akaike Information Criterion is reported, discerning between all-optical analogues of electromagnetic transparency and Autlers splitting and clarifying the transition between them.
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Single nanoparticle detection using split-mode microcavity Raman lasers

TL;DR: This work reports for the first time, to their knowledge, single nanoparticle detection by monitoring the beat frequency of split-mode Raman lasers in high-Q optical microcavities in both air and an aqueous environment, with an ultralow detection limit.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Ultra-high-Q toroid microcavities on a chip

TL;DR: This work demonstrates a process for producing silica toroid-shaped microresonators-on-a-chip with Q factors in excess of 100 million using a combination of lithography, dry etching and a selective reflow process, representing an improvement of nearly four orders of magnitude over previous chip-based resonators.
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Whispering-gallery-mode biosensing: label-free detection down to single molecules

TL;DR: The enhancement mechanisms responsible for the extreme sensitivity of the WGM biosensor are described, its current implementations and applications are reviewed, and its future possibilities are discussed.
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Label-Free, Single-Molecule Detection with Optical Microcavities

TL;DR: A highly specific and sensitive optical sensor based on an ultrahigh quality (Q) factor (Q > 108) whispering-gallery microcavity is reported and label-free, single-molecule detection of interleukin-2 was demonstrated in serum.
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On-chip single nanoparticle detection and sizing by mode splitting in an ultrahigh- Q microresonator

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report real-time detection and sizing of single nanoparticles, down to 30 nm in radius, using mode splitting in a monolithic ultrahigh-quality-factor (Q) whispering-gallery-mode microresonator.
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Shift of whispering-gallery modes in microspheres by protein adsorption

TL;DR: The theoretical shift for adsorption of a single protein is found to be extremely sensitive to the target region, with adsor adaptation in the most sensitive region varying as 1/R(5/2).
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