Journal ArticleDOI
Development of the World-wide harmonized Light duty Test Cycle (WLTC) and a possible pathway for its introduction in the European legislation
Monica Tutuianu,Pierre Bonnel,Biagio Ciuffo,Takahiro Haniu,Noriyuki Ichikawa,Alessandro Marotta,Jelica Pavlovic,Heinz Steven +7 more
TLDR
The Worldwide harmonized Light Duty Test Cycle (WLTC) as discussed by the authors was developed under the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) and sponsored by the European Union (with Switzerland) and Japan.Abstract:
This paper presents the World-wide harmonized Light duty Test Cycle (WLTC), developed under the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) and sponsored by the European Union (with Switzerland) and Japan. India, Korea and USA have also actively contributed. The objective was to design the harmonized driving cycle from “real world” driving data in different regions around the world, combined with suitable weighting factors. To this aim, driving data and traffic statistics of light duty vehicles use were collected and analyzed as basic elements to develop the harmonized cycle. The regional driving data and weighting factors were then combined in order to develop a unified database representing the worldwide light duty vehicle driving behavior. From the unified database, short trips were selected and combined to develop a driving cycle as representative as possible of the unified database. Approximately 765,000 km of data were collected, covering a wide range of vehicle categories, road types and driving conditions. The resulting WLTC is an ensemble of three driving cycles adapted to three vehicle categories with different power-to-mass ratio (PMR). It has been designed as a harmonized cycle for the certification of light duty vehicles around the world and, together with the new harmonized test procedures (WLTP), will serve to check the compliance of vehicle pollutant emissions with respect to the applicable emissions limits and to establish the reference vehicle fuel consumption and CO2 performance.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of cold temperature on Euro 6 passenger car emissions.
TL;DR: Results show the need for a new, technology independent, procedure that enables the authorities to assess pollutant emissions from vehicles at cold ambient temperatures, and recommend revise current EU winter vehicle emissions regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
CO2 emissions and energy demands of vehicles tested under the NEDC and the new WLTP type approval test procedures
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of the introduction of WLTP on the average CO2 emissions and average vehicle energy demands (VEDs) from different segments of the European vehicle market were analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) study of NOx and primary NO2 emissions from Euro 6 diesel passenger cars and comparison with COPERT emission factors
Rosalind O'Driscoll,Helen ApSimon,Tim Oxley,Nick Molden,Marc E. J. Stettler,Aravinth Thiyagarajah +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the real world emissions from a substantial sample of the latest Euro 6 diesel passenger cars are presented with a focus on NO x and primary NO 2. Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) data is analyzed from 39 Euro 6 Diesel passenger cars over a test route comprised of urban and motorway sections.
Journal ArticleDOI
An assessment of the real-world driving gaseous emissions from a Euro 6 light-duty diesel vehicle using a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present on-board gaseous emissions measurements from a Euro 6 light-duty diesel vehicle in a real-world driving route using a portable emissions measurement system.
Journal ArticleDOI
How much difference in type-approval CO2 emissions from passenger cars in Europe can be expected from changing to the new test procedure (NEDC vs. WLTP)?
TL;DR: In this article, the main differences between two test procedures are identified and their impact on CO2 emissions quantified using the in-house built simulation software CO2MPAS, and the potential total impact on the final reported type-approval CO 2 emissions is assessed.
References
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Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area: Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system
TL;DR: The EESC agreed that the 2050 vision goal of a greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction of 60 % in the transport sector, although very challenging, is in line with the EU's overall climate policy aims and that it strikes a reasonable balance between the need for quick reductions of greenhouse gases and the time needed to optimise energy efficiency in a single European Transport Area and develop new and sustainable fuels and propulsion systems in order to reduce dependence on fossil fuels as mentioned in this paper.
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Nonparametric Statistics for Non-Statisticians: A Step-by-Step Approach
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a nonparametric statistical procedure for the test of sample normality in the context of practice questions, and compare the results of two related tests: the Mann-Whitney U -Test and the Fisher Exact Test.
Journal ArticleDOI
On-road Emissions of Light-duty Vehicles in Europe
TL;DR: The first comprehensive on-road emissions test of light-duty vehicles with state-of-the-art Portable Emission Measurement Systems finds that nitrogen oxides emissions of gasoline vehicles as well as carbon monoxide and total hydrocarbon emissions of both diesel and gasoline vehicles generally remain below the respective emission limits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of on-road emissions with emissions measured on chassis dynamometer test cycles
L. Pelkmans,Patrick Debal +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a software package has been developed to predict vehicle fuel consumption and emissions for a given distance-speed profile, in order to give input to the model, specific light duty vehicles have been subjected to intensive measurements on engine dynamometers, on chassis dynamometers on proving ground and in real traffic.