Showing papers in "Atmospheric Environment in 2012"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and quantify the influences of specific components or source-related mixtures on measures of health-related impacts, especially when particles interact with other co-pollutants, therefore represents one of the most challenging areas of environmental health research.

TL;DR: Values of hazard quotient and hazard index indicated the non-carcinogenic risks from the studied metal(loid)s to children via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation pathways in Nanjing given the present air quality.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of wildfire emissions on O3 production and photochemical reactions within a fire plume was studied. But the authors focused on three key topics: the influence on wildfire emissions, photochemistry, and regulatory issues associated with wildfire O3.

TL;DR: The ESCAPE study as discussed by the authors investigated the relationship between long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and health using cohort studies across Europe, and found substantial variability in spatial patterns of PM2.5, PM10 and PMcoarse.

TL;DR: Real-time air quality forecasting (RT-AQF), a new discipline of the atmospheric sciences, represents one of the most farreaching development and practical applications of science and engineering, poses unprecedented scientific, technical, and computational challenges, and generates significant opportunities for science dissemination and community participations.

TL;DR: In this paper, secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated from the ozone and hydroxyl radical (OH)-initiated oxidation of various biogenic and anthropogenic precursors were exposed to humid air containing approximately 100 ppb of gaseous ammonia (NH3), with the extent of browning ranging from no observable change (isoprene SOA) to visible change in color (limonene SOA).

TL;DR: The ESCAPE study as mentioned in this paper investigated the long-term effects of exposure to air pollution on human health in Europe and found significant contrasts in annual average NO2 and NOx concentrations between and especially within 36 study areas across Europe.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated personal exposure of 62 individuals to the air pollutant Black Carbon, using 13 portable aethalometers while keeping detailed records of their time-activity pattern and whereabouts.

TL;DR: In this article, daily particle light scattering coefficient, PM2.5 mass and chemical composition were measured in Xi'an from February to December 2009, and the revised IMPROVE equation was applied to estimate chemical extinction, which on average was w15% lower than measured bext.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the application of receptor models for source apportionment is presented, and the conclusions include a number of recommendations for use in design of future studies.

TL;DR: In this article, an Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) was first deployed in Beijing, China for characterization of summer organic and inorganic aerosols.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effectiveness of four green roof species (sedum, Agrostis stolonifera, red fescue and Festuca rubra) at capturing particulate matter smaller than 10μm (PM 10 ) was investigated.

TL;DR: Overall, the epidemiological studies did not fully exonerate any major component class of PM2.5 mass, but did demonstrate that more scrutiny needs to be given to carbon-containing PM components (elemental and organic carbon), as growing evidence suggests these are most strongly associated with adverse health outcomes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated possible sources of air pollution and the spatial patterns within the eight selected Malaysian air monitoring stations based on a two-year database (2008-2009).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated exposures and inhaled doses of air pollution and assessed factors that contributed to their variability in different travel modes in Barcelona and found that the car mode experienced highest concentrations for all contaminants.

TL;DR: In this article, seasonal shifts in bacterial abundances, the relative contribution of bacteria to total aerosol loads, and bacterial community structure at a high-elevation research station in northern Colorado, USA.

TL;DR: The Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) as discussed by the authors is a 3D long-range atmospheric chemistry-transport model with a horizontal domain covering the Northern Hemisphere.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the gaseous emissions of one novel Euro 6 diesel car and six Euro 4-5 diesel cars with Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS).

TL;DR: In this article, a multiple-year inventory of atmospheric emissions of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) from coal burning in China has been established for the period 1980-2008 by using best available emission factors and annual activity data which are specified by different sub-categories of combustion facilities, coal types, and air pollution control devices.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used passive diffusion monitors (3M-3500) to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air in small enterprises in La Plata city and surrounding areas.

TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper developed a detailed emission inventory for agricultural burning in China with a high spatial and temporal resolution, which was allocated to a 1.km grid and a 10-day interval by using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Thermal Anomalies/Fire product (MOD/MYD14A1).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a general assessment of model performance over a broad range of modeling systems, modeling periods, intended use, and spatial scales, and provide recommendations regarding which performance metrics are most useful for comparing model applications and the best approaches to match model estimates and observations in time and space.

TL;DR: A new generation of comprehensive RT-AQF model systems, to emerge in the coming decades, will be based on state-of-the-science 3-D RT- AQF models, supplemented with efficient data assimilation techniques and sophisticated statistical models, and supported with modern numerical/computational technologies and a suite of real-time observational data from all platforms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of size distributions of secondary sulfates and nitrates as well as their formation mechanisms under hazes were collected using a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI) at an urban site in Jinan, China, in all four seasons (December 2007-October 2008).

TL;DR: In this article, a source-oriented version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was developed to determine the regional contributions of power, industry, transportation and residential sectors as well as biogenic sources to nitrate and sulfate concentrations in China in January and August 2009.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare the results of ten state-of-the-science regional air quality (AQ) modeling systems for full-year simulations of 2006 in the context of AQMEII, whose main goals are model inter-comparison and evaluation.

TL;DR: Air pollutant levels in a near-highway urban area over a wide range of traffic and meteorological conditions using a mobile monitoring platform were measured, with the highest pollutant concentrations measured within 0-50 m of I-93, and the most pronounced variations were observed for PNC.

TL;DR: In this paper, the temporal variability of the anthropogenic heat flux density (QF) for three common land use types found in Singapore between October 2008 and March 2009 was estimated by separately considering the major sources of waste heat in urban environments, which are heat release from vehicular traffic, buildings and human metabolism, respectively.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented estimates of atmospheric emissions of lead from anthropogenic sources in China from 1990 to 2009 with the information on emissions of both total lead and its spatial distribution in regions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the number of potential predictors and the variable selection algorithm used, and the consequences of the use of LUR predictions in regression models for a health outcome were investigated.