Did Ranchers and Slaughterhouses Respond to Zero-Deforestation Agreements in the Brazilian Amazon?
Holly K. Gibbs,Jacob Munger,Jessica L'Roe,Paulo Barreto,Ritaumaria Pereira,Matthew Christie,Ticiana Amaral,Nathalie F. Walker +7 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors analyzed the zero-deforestation cattle agreements signed by major meatpacking companies in the Brazilian Amazon state of Para using property-level data on beef supply chains.Abstract:
New supply chain interventions offer promise to reduce deforestation from expansion of commercial agriculture, as more multinational companies agree to stop sourcing from farms with recent forest clearing. We analyzed the zero-deforestation cattle agreements signed by major meatpacking companies in the Brazilian Amazon state of Para using property-level data on beef supply chains. Our panel analysis of daily purchases by slaughterhouses before and after the agreements demonstrates that they now avoid purchasing from properties with deforestation, which was not the case prior to the agreements. Supplying ranchers registered their properties in a public environmental registry nearly 2 years before surrounding non-supplying properties, and 85% of surveyed ranchers indicated that the agreements were the driving force. In addition, supplying properties had significantly reduced deforestation rates following the agreements. Our results demonstrate important changes in the beef supply chain, but the agreements’ narrow scope and implementation diminish outcomes for forest conservation.read more
Citations
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Large-scale degradation of Amazonian freshwater ecosystems
TL;DR: Maintaining the integrity of these freshwater ecosystems requires a basinwide research and policy framework to understand and manage hydrological connectivity across multiple spatial scales and jurisdictional boundaries.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of supply-chain initiatives in reducing deforestation
Eric F. Lambin,Eric F. Lambin,Holly K. Gibbs,Robert Heilmayr,Kimberly M. Carlson,Leonardo C. Fleck,Rachael D. Garrett,Yann le Polain de Waroux,Constance L. McDermott,David McLaughlin,Peter Newton,Christoph Nolte,Pablo Pacheco,Lisa Rausch,Charlotte Streck,Tannis Thorlakson,Nathalie F. Walker +16 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review current supply chain initiatives, their effectiveness, and the challenges they face, and identify knowledge gaps for complementary public-private policies to increase the effectiveness of supply-chain initiatives that aim to reduce deforestation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trading forests: land-use change and carbon emissions embodied in production and exports of forest-risk commodities
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantify tropical deforestation area and carbon emissions from land use change induced by the production and the export of four commodities (beef, soybeans, palm oil, and wood products) in seven countries with high deforestation rates (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea).
Journal ArticleDOI
Transparency and sustainability in global commodity supply chains
Toby A. Gardner,Magnus Benzie,Jan Börner,Elena Dawkins,Stephen E. Fick,Rachael D. Garrett,Javier Godar,A. Grimard,S. Lake,Rasmus Kløcker Larsen,N. Mardas,Constance L. McDermott,Patrick Meyfroidt,Maria Osbeck,Martin Persson,T. Sembres,Clément Suavet,Bernardo B. N. Strassburg,A. Trevisan,Chris West,P. Wolvekamp +20 more
TL;DR: The links between transparency and sustainability are poorly understood and a typology of information for supply chain governance is presented, which presents ten ways in which transparency can improve sustainability governance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of oil palm sustainability certification on deforestation and fire in Indonesia.
Kimberly M. Carlson,Robert Heilmayr,Holly K. Gibbs,Praveen Noojipady,David N. Burns,Douglas C. Morton,Nathalie F. Walker,Gary D. Paoli,Claire Kremen +8 more
TL;DR: It was found that certification significantly reduced deforestation, but not fire or peatland clearance, among participating plantations, and certification had no causal impact on forest loss in peatlands or active fire detection rates.
References
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Matthew C. Hansen,Peter Potapov,Rebecca Moore,M. Hancher,Svetlana Turubanova,Alexandra Tyukavina,David Thau,Stephen V. Stehman,Scott J. Goetz,Thomas R. Loveland,Anil Kommareddy,A. Egorov,Louise Chini,Christopher O. Justice,John R. Townshend +14 more
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TL;DR: The recently completed research program (TREES) employing the global imaging capabilities of Earth-observing satellites provides updated information on the status of the world's humid tropical forest cover, indicating that the global net rate of change in forest cover for the humid tropics is 23% lower than the generally accepted rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tropical forests were the primary sources of new agricultural land in the 1980s and 1990s
Holly K. Gibbs,A. S. Ruesch,Frédéric Achard,M. K. Clayton,Peter Holmgren,Navin Ramankutty,Jonathan A. Foley +6 more
TL;DR: This study analyzes the rich, pan-tropical database of classified Landsat scenes created by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations to examine pathways of agricultural expansion across the major tropical forest regions in the 1980s and 1990s and highlights the future land conversions that probably will be needed to meet mounting demand for agricultural products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deforestation driven by urban population growth and agricultural trade in the twenty-first century
TL;DR: In this article, satellite-based estimates of forest loss suggest that urban population growth and urban and international demand for agricultural products are key drivers of tropical deforestation in the tropics and that efforts need to focus on reducing deforestation for industrial-scale, export-oriented agricultural production, concomitant with efforts to increase yields in non-forested lands to satisfy demands for agricultural product.
Journal ArticleDOI
Slowing Amazon deforestation through public policy and interventions in beef and soy supply chains
Daniel C. Nepstad,David G. McGrath,C. Stickler,Ane Alencar,Andrea A. Azevedo,Briana Swette,Tathiana Bezerra,Maria DiGiano,João Shimada,Ronaldo Seroa da Motta,Eric Armijo,Leandro Castello,Paulo M. Brando,Matthew C. Hansen,Max McGrath-Horn,Oswaldo de Carvalho,Laura L. Hess +16 more
TL;DR: The recent 70% decline in deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon suggests that it is possible to manage the advance of a vast agricultural frontier Enforcement of laws, interventions in soy and beef supply chains, restrictions on access to credit, and expansion of protected areas appear to have contributed to this decline, as did a decline in the demand for new deforestation as mentioned in this paper.