Journal ArticleDOI
Earthquake Prediction: A Physical Basis
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This article is published in Science.The article was published on 1973-08-31. It has received 970 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Earthquake scenario & Types of earthquake.read more
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The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
TL;DR: The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws -producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conditions for the localization of deformation in pressure-sensitive dilatant materials
John W. Rudnicki,James R. Rice +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the hypothesis that localization of deformation into a shear band may be considered a result of an instability in the constitutive description of homogeneous deformation.
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Viscoelastic properties of fluid-saturated cracked solids
TL;DR: The effective elastic moduli of a fluid-saturated solid containing thin cracks depend on the degree of interconnection between the cracks as mentioned in this paper, which can be estimated from the crack geometry or permeability.
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Development of stress-induced microcracks in Westerly Granite
Paul Tapponnier,W. F. Brace +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of dilatant microcracks in stressed Westerly granite at 500 bars confining pressure, room temperature, was studied under the scanning electron microscope, showing that most cracks caused by laboratory-induced stress are long, straight and narrow, with sharp ends, in contrast to natural cavities, which are blunt, bridged and discontinuous.
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Implications of fault-valve behaviour for rupture nucleation and recurrence
TL;DR: Mikumo et al. as mentioned in this paper studied the effect of fault-valve behavior on the probability of failure of a fault in the shallow crust and showed that the magnitude of the failure depends on the coupling between normal stress and shear stress on the fault and the manner of fault loading.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The frequency-magnitude relation of microfracturing in rock and its relation to earthquakes
TL;DR: In this paper, the frequency-magnitude relation of microfracture deformation was studied and the dependence of the parameter b on rock type, stress, and confining pressure was found to depend primarily on stress.
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The effect of saturation on velocity in low porosity rocks
Amos Nur,Gene Simmons +1 more
TL;DR: The shape of the pores in typical crystalline rocks plays an important role: increase in V p due to saturation of pores occurs when the pores are in the form of cracks but not when they are in a round hole as discussed by the authors.
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Aftershocks caused by pore fluid flow
Amos Nur,John R. Booker +1 more
TL;DR: The agreement between computed rates of decay and observed rates of aftershock activity suggests that this is an attractive mechanism for aftershockss.
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Towards a Physical Understanding of the Earthquake Frequency Distribution
TL;DR: In this paper, the cumulative frequency-magnitude relationship is replaced by the Cumulative frequency-moment equation in which the B-value takes the place of the b-value.