Effects of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) education on childhood intestinal parasitic infections in rural Dembiya, northwest Ethiopia: an uncontrolled before-and-after intervention study
TLDR
This before-and-after intervention study found that households’ WASH performance was significantly improved at the endline compared with the baseline, and theendline prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was slightly lower than the baseline prevalence; however, the reduction was not statistically significant.Abstract:
Soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) infections are among the most common infections worldwide and affect the most deprived communities. Adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) prevents environmental contamination, thereby preventing transmission of STH. Cognizant of this, WASH education was implemented in rural Dembiya to reduce intestinal parasitic infections. This study was, therefore, conducted to assess the impacts of the intervention on households’ WASH conditions and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections. An uncontrolled before-and-after intervention study was used. Cross-sectional studies were done before and after the intervention. Two hundred twenty-five and 302 under five children were recruited randomly at the baseline and endline, respectively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and observational checklists. Direct stool examination and Kato-Katz methods were used to identify parasites in the stool. We used percent point change and prevalence ratio (PR) to see the effects of the intervention on WASH conditions and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections respectively. Pearson chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were used to test for statistically significant percentage point changes of WASH conditions. The effect of the intervention on intestinal parasitic infections was statistically tested on the basis of PR with 95% confidence interval (CI). The baseline prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 25.8%, and the endline prevalence was 23.8%. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was not significantly decreased at the endline compared with the baseline [PR = 0.92, 95% CI = (0.62, 1.38)]. Ascaris Lumbricoides was the most prevalent parasitic infection both at the baseline and endline. The proportion of children who had good hygienic condition increased from 1.3% at the baseline to 34.4% at the end line (p < 0.05). The percentage of mothers/care givers who washed hands at different pick times was significantly increased from 24.4% at the baseline to 68.2% at the endline (p < 0.001). The proportion of households who practiced home-based water treatment was significantly increased from 7.6% at the baseline to 47% at the endline (p < 0.001). The proportion of households who used sanitary latrine was increased from 32% at the baseline to 49% at the endline (p < 0.05). This before-and-after intervention study found that households’ WASH performance was significantly improved at the endline compared with the baseline. The endline prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was slightly lower than the baseline prevalence; however, the reduction was not statistically significant. The local health office needs to strengthen the WASH education program, mobilize the community to construct WASH facilities, and support the community to sustain households’ WASH performance.read more
Citations
More filters
Posted Content
Effect of a community-led sanitation intervention on child diarrhoea and child growth in rural Mali: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
TL;DR: In villages that received a behavioural sanitation intervention with no monetary subsidies, diarrhoeal prevalence remained similar to control villages, however, access to toilets substantially increased and child growth improved, particularly in children <2 years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flipped Learning Approach as Educational Innovation in Water Literacy
Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero,José-María Romero-Rodríguez,Jesús López-Belmonte,Santiago Alonso-García +3 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the effectiveness of flipped learning methodology on a traditional training practice in water literacy at the first level of secondary education, which consisted in providing the contents to the students before the class sessions, encouraging an active learning.
Journal ArticleDOI
Knowledge and practices of households on safe water chain maintenance in a slum community in Kampala City, Uganda.
Charles Ssemugabo,Solomon Tsebeni Wafula,Rawlance Ndejjo,Frederick Oporia,Jimmy Osuret,David Musoke,Abdullah Ali Halage +6 more
TL;DR: Assessment of knowledge and practices of households on safe water chain maintenance in slum communities in Kampala City, Uganda found that female-led, student- led, and post-primary educated-led household and household that thought most contamination occurs during storage were more likely to maintain the safeWater chain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence and associated factors of scabies among schoolchildren in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia, 2018.
TL;DR: The prevalence of human scabies among schoolchildren in Dabat district northwest Ethiopia was high and the school localization, first cycle level of education, paternal educational status, frequency of taking a bath, and contact with a person having itchy lesions, presence of a family member with itchy lesion, and type of frequently used hand washing material were the factors significantly impacting the occurrence of scabies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anemia and Other Blood Symptoms Related Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis: An Internet Approach of Systematic Literature Study Reported Across Indonesia
TL;DR: The aim of this systematic literature study was to provide data by doing internet literature searching on Indonesia’s electronic data regarding this condition, and there were 37 studies found on this issues from 2001 until 2020.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm
Jeffrey M. Bethony,Jeffrey M. Bethony,Simon Brooker,Marco Albonico,Stefan M. Geiger,Stefan M. Geiger,Alex Loukas,David Diemert,Peter J. Hotez +8 more
TL;DR: Concerns about the sustainability of periodic deworming with benzimidazole anthelmintics and the emergence of resistance have prompted efforts to develop and test new control tools.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture.
Nilanthi de Silva,Simon Brooker,Peter J. Hotez,Antonio Montresor,Dirk Engels,Lorenzo Savioli +5 more
TL;DR: Global estimates of soil-transmitted helminth infections are brought up to date, some interesting new trends are revealed and the future for control is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rescuing the bottom billion through control of neglected tropical diseases
TL;DR: Here, low-cost opportunities to control the neglected tropical diseases through preventive chemotherapy are outlined, and financial innovations to provide poor individuals with essential drugs are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxocariasis: Clinical Aspects, Epidemiology, Medical Ecology, and Molecular Aspects
TL;DR: Issues of ecology of transmission and control of spread to both humans and animals through public health initiatives employing treatment of pets and environmental intervention strategies that limit the areas that dogs and cats are allowed within the confines of urban centers are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Eric C. Strunz,David G. Addiss,Meredith E. Stocks,Stephanie Ogden,Jürg Utzinger,Matthew C. Freeman +5 more
TL;DR: Whether improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices are associated with reduced risk of infections with soil-transmitted helminths is examined.
Related Papers (5)
The high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections is associated with stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Boricha Woreda, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.
Amanuel Yoseph,Hunachew Beyene +1 more
WASH for WORMS: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of the Impact of a Community Integrated Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene and Deworming Intervention on Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections
Effect of an integrated intervention package of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation and health education on the prevalence of helminth and intestinal protozoa infections in Côte d'Ivoire.
Eveline Hürlimann,Eveline Hürlimann,Kigbafori D. Silué,Fabien Zouzou,Mamadou Ouattara,Thomas Schmidlin,Thomas Schmidlin,Richard B. Yapi,Clarisse A. Houngbedji,Kouassi Dongo,Bernadette A. Kouadio,Siaka Koné,Bassirou Bonfoh,Eliézer K. N’Goran,Jürg Utzinger,Jürg Utzinger,Cinthia A. Acka-Douabélé,Giovanna Raso,Giovanna Raso +18 more