scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Elusive anion growth in Titan’s atmosphere: Low temperature kinetics of the C3N− + HC3N reaction

Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the authors investigated the low temperature reactivity of C3N −, which was tentatively identified in the spectra measured by the CAPS-ELS instrument of the Cassini spacecraft during its high altitude flybys.
About
This article is published in Icarus.The article was published on 2016-06-01 and is currently open access. It has received 20 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Atmosphere of Titan & Elementary reaction.

read more

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Uniform Supersonic Chemical Reactors: 30 Years of Astrochemical History and Future Challenges.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of experiments devoted to investigations on the reaction dynamics of species of astrochemical interest at the temperatures of the interstellar medium and which were performed by using one of the most popular techniques in the field, CRESU is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI

Experimental Studies of Gas-Phase Reactivity in Relation to Complex Organic Molecules in Star-Forming Regions

Ilsa R. Cooke, +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present recent laboratory efforts to produce quantitative kinetic data for gas-phase reactions at low temperatures, and discuss the use of the CRESU technique, a French acronym standing for Cinetique de Reaction en Ecoulement Supersonique Uniforme, to measure reactions of astrochemical importance.

Negative ion chemistry in Titan's upper atmosphere

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first ionospheric model of Titan including negative ion chemistry and find that dissociative electron attachment to neutral molecules (mostly HCN) initiates the formation of negative ions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Low-Temperature Reactivity of C2n+1N– Anions with Polar Molecules

TL;DR: Comparing HCOOH to HC3N as target molecules suggests that dipole-dipole interactions must play an active role in overcoming this limiting effect at low temperatures, and provides new fundamental insights on prototypical reactions between polar anions and polar molecules along with critical data for astrochemical modeling.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

A simplex method for function minimization

TL;DR: A method is described for the minimization of a function of n variables, which depends on the comparison of function values at the (n 41) vertices of a general simplex, followed by the replacement of the vertex with the highest value by another point.
Journal ArticleDOI

Convergence Properties of the Nelder--Mead Simplex Method in Low Dimensions

TL;DR: This paper presents convergence properties of the Nelder--Mead algorithm applied to strictly convex functions in dimensions 1 and 2, and proves convergence to a minimizer for dimension 1, and various limited convergence results for dimension 2.
Journal ArticleDOI

A complete basis set model chemistry. VII. Use of the minimum population localization method

TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that the unphysical behavior of Mulliken populations obtained from extended basis set wave functions can lead to incomplete localization of orbitals by the Pipek-Mezey population localization method, and introduce a modification to correct this problem.
Journal ArticleDOI

The process of tholin formation in Titan's upper atmosphere.

TL;DR: Evidence is obtained for tholin formation at high altitudes (∼1000 kilometers) in Titan's atmosphere using measurements from a combination of mass/charge and energy/charge spectrometers on the Cassini spacecraft.
Journal ArticleDOI

Evaluated Bimolecular Ion‐Molecule Gas Phase Kinetics of Positive Ions for Use in Modeling Planetary Atmospheres, Cometary Comae, and Interstellar Clouds

TL;DR: Anicich and Huntress as mentioned in this paper evaluated the reaction rate coefficients and product distributions for bimolecular positive ion-molecule reactions of importance in planetary atmospheres, cometary comae, and interstellar clouds.
Related Papers (5)
Frequently Asked Questions (12)
Q1. What have the authors contributed in "Elusive anion growth in titan’s atmosphere: low temperature kinetics of the c3n—- + hc3n reaction" ?

The reaction of this anion with HC3N, one of the most abundant trace organics in the atmosphere, has been studied over the 49–294 K temperature range in uniform supersonic flows using the CRESU technique. 

Mutual anion-cation neutralization of C3N− with positive daughter ions of HC3N, a process which would depend on cyanoacetylene density, can also be ruled out because positive ion counts remain low. 

Because of the possible existence of an ion product channel, the reaction was expected to be of significance for the early phase of the anion growth sequence. 

In order to estimate the uncertainty associated with the results, the authors perform Monte-Carlo simulations in which several surrogate datasets are generated in order to mimic experimental errors (determination of the mass peak maxima at fast mass scanning rates) and/or fluctuations (mass flows, pressures, ...). 

Because of the polar nature of HC3N, the rate coefficient was then expected to be fast as it depends strongly on the dipole moment μ. 

Even if polyatomic neutrals with low frequency modes are the most efficient detachers (such as cyanoacetylene), this route remains slow compared to e.g. charge transfer reactions. 

A minor exit channel, reactive detachment (< 9%), has also been uncovered, although the nature of the neutral products of this second exit channel has not been identified yet. 

On the basis of these theoretical results, the authors expect the proton transfer to occur rapidly because its corresponding barrier is low compared to the significant internal energy of the complex. 

To minimize χ2, the authors select a Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm used to find the minimum of unconstrained multi-variable function using derivative-free method starting with an initial estimate (Nelder and Mead, 1965). 

mass spectra show that the secondary ion C143 N − (m/z = 50) reacts with HC3N, although no ion product is detected for this process. 

this ideal situation corresponds to an asymptotical upper limit value when the temperature reaches zero with a temperature dependence in T−1/2. 

At altitudes below 800 km, the reaction of CxH− with HCN is supposed to contribute at the same level to the generation of this small anion.