Q2. What future works have the authors mentioned in the paper "Enhancing ict for inclusive human development in sub-saharan africa" ?
Future studies can improve the existing literature by using alternative measurements of human development and methodologies, to assess whether the established linkages withstand further empirical scrutiny.
Q3. What is the instrumentation process in Equations (3)-(5)?
The instrumentation processes in Equations (3)-(5) consist of regressing the variable ICT on its first lag and then saving the corresponding fitted value.
Q4. What are the main factors that have been documented to positively affect non-exclusive development?
Private domestic credit, remittances and FDI have been documented by a bulk of inclusive growth/development literature to have a positive effect on non-exclusive development.
Q5. What should be done to increase ICT penetration in SSA?
The governments of sampled countries should formulate and implement policies that enable universal access mechanisms via low pricing and sharing schemes and increase the infrastructure needed for ICT penetration.
Q6. What is the main reason why African institutions are more likely to be rewarded?
Recent African institutional literature has documented that institutions in higher income nations generate better rewards, and in turn contribute more effectively to the equitable distribution of wealth accruing from economic growth (Fosu, 2015bc).
Q7. What is the reason why Beck et al. (2003) have theorised and justified?
Beck et al. (2003) have theorised and empirically justified the perspective that English Common law countries differ from their French Civil law counterparts because of political and adaptability channels.
Q8. What is the definition of inclusive development?
In accordance with the recent inclusive development literature on Africa (Asongu et al., 2015), inequality adjusted human development index (IHDI) is used as a proxy for inclusive human development.
Q9. What is the main argument for the inclusion of remittances?
While credit facilities and FDI have been documented by Mlachila et al. (2014) to positively affect inclusive growth, Ssozi and Asongu (2015) argue that remittances are very likely to positively impact human development as they are used for consumption purposes.
Q10. What is the definition of a country as a petroleum exporter?
A country is considered as a petroleum exporter if its oil-dominant exports represent a significant part of its GDP, for a substantial part of the sampled periodicity.
Q11. what is the eloquent testimony to elucidate this point?
An eloquent testimony to elucidate this point is a recent World Bank study, which has found politically-unstable Somalia to be a global frontrunner in the use of ICT for mobile banking services (see Mosheni-Cheraghlou, 2013).
Q12. What is the effect of increasing mobile phone penetration on IHDI?
The following findings can be established: Enhancing mobile penetration has a“synergy effect”, while increasing telephone penetration has a positive net effect on IHDI.
Q13. how can policy influence the adoption of ICT?
The study has substantial policy relevance because the adoption and/or penetration rate of ICT can be influenced by policy to achieve inclusive development outcomes.
Q14. What are the variables used to account for the omitted variable bias?
The authors adopt six control variables in order to account for omitted variable bias, namely:development assistance, private domestic credit, remittances, foreign direct investment (FDI), GDP per capita growth and primary school enrolment.
Q15. What is the policy syndrome of non-inclusive development in the SSA?
While the existing literature concentrates on both developed (see Thakar, 2012) and developing (Sonne, 2012: Gupta & Jain, 2012) countries, the policy syndrome of non-inclusive development is more striking in developing nations like those in the SSA: a sub-region that has increasingly been experiencing extreme poverty, despite having enjoyed more than two decades of resurgence in economic growth (Fosu, 2015a, p. 44).
Q16. What is the effect of increasing internet access on IHDI?
While internet penetration boosts inclusive human development, the incremental benefit of increasing internet access is not significantly apparent.