Journal ArticleDOI
Equine Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction
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TLDR
This review focuses on the pathophysiology and clinical syndrome, as well as advances in diagnostic testing and treatment of PPID, with an emphasis on those findings that are new since the excellent comprehensive review by Schott in 2002.Abstract:
Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), also known as equine Cushing's syndrome, is a widely recognized disease of aged horses. Over the past two decades, the aged horse population has expanded significantly and in addition, client awareness of PPID has increased. As a result, there has been an increase in both diagnostic testing and treatment of the disease. This review focuses on the pathophysiology and clinical syndrome, as well as advances in diagnostic testing and treatment of PPID, with an emphasis on those findings that are new since the excellent comprehensive review by Schott in 2002.read more
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Insulin dysregulation: Insulin dysregulation
TL;DR: The term insulin dysregulation is introduced here to refer collectively to excessive insulin responses to sugars, fasting hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, which are all components of equine metabolic syndrome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Breed differences in insulin sensitivity and insulinemic responses to oral glucose in horses and ponies of moderate body condition score
TL;DR: The results indicate that there are clear breed-related differences in the insulin responses of horses and ponies to oral and intravenous glucose, independent of obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathology of Natural Cases of Equine Endocrinopathic Laminitis Associated With Hyperinsulinemia
Ninja Karikoski,Catherine M. McGowan,Ellen R. Singer,K. E. Asplin,Riitta-Mari Tulamo,Janet C. Patterson-Kane +5 more
TL;DR: The findings support the theory that repeated episodes of subclinical laminitis occur prior to clinical presentation, and the pathology does not include extensive basement membrane failure seen in some inflammatory models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Circadian and circannual rhythms of cortisol, ACTH, and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in healthy horses
TL;DR: It is suggested that clinically and diagnostically normal, non-PPID-affected horses commonly have a loss of cortisol diurnal rhythm, and measurement of circadian rhythm is not an appropriate diagnostic test for PPID.
Journal ArticleDOI
Paradigm shifts in understanding equine laminitis
TL;DR: Current data now proposes a variable subclinical phase associated with gross changes in the hoof capsule, with stretching and elongation of the lamellar cells an early and key event in the pathophysiology.
References
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Deniz Kirik,Carl Rosenblad,Corinna Burger,Cecilia Lundberg,Teit E. Johansen,Nicholas Muzyczka,Ronald J. Mandel,Anders Björklund +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that nigral dopamine neurons are selectively vulnerable to high levels of either wild-type or mutant α-synuclein, pointing to a key role for α- Synuclein in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Sarcopenia: characteristics, mechanisms and functional significance
Marco V. Narici,Nicola Maffulli +1 more
TL;DR: The causes of the greater anabolic resistance to feeding and exercise of elderly women need elucidating and the enhancement of muscle regeneration via satellite cell activation via the MAPK/notch molecular pathways seems particularly promising.
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Protein Nitration in Parkinson's Disease
TL;DR: It is demonstrated here the presence of nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity in Lewy bodies within melanized neurons and in amorphous deposits associated with intact and degenerating neurons, demonstrating that oxidative stress has occurred within the vulnerable neurons of PD.