Evolutionarily conserved mechanisms for the selection and maintenance of behavioural activity
TLDR
Comparative analyses reveal that central complex and basal ganglia circuitries share comparable lineage relationships within clusters of functionally integrated neurons, suggesting evolutionarily conserved computational mechanisms for action selection in insects and vertebrates.Abstract:
Survival and reproduction entail the selection of adaptive behavioural repertoires. This selection manifests as phylogenetically acquired activities that depend on evolved nervous system circuitries. Lorenz and Tinbergen already postulated that heritable behaviours and their reliable performance are specified by genetically determined programs. Here we compare the functional anatomy of the insect central complex and vertebrate basal ganglia to illustrate their role in mediating selection and maintenance of adaptive behaviours. Comparative analyses reveal that central complex and basal ganglia circuitries share comparable lineage relationships within clusters of functionally integrated neurons. These clusters are specified by genetic mechanisms that link birth time and order to their neuronal identities and functions. Their subsequent connections and associated functions are characterized by similar mechanisms that implement dimensionality reduction and transition through attractor states, whereby spatially organized parallel-projecting loops integrate and convey sensorimotor representations that select and maintain behavioural activity. In both taxa, these neural systems are modulated by dopamine signalling that also mediates memory-like processes. The multiplicity of similarities between central complex and basal ganglia suggests evolutionarily conserved computational mechanisms for action selection. We speculate that these may have originated from ancestral ground pattern circuitries present in the brain of the last common ancestor of insects and vertebrates.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Building a functional connectome of the Drosophila central complex
TL;DR: An extensive functional connectome of Drosophila melanogaster’s central complex is presented at cell-type resolution and the connectivity matrix highlights the potentially critical role of a class of bottleneck interneurons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oscillatory brain activity in spontaneous and induced sleep stages in flies
Melvyn H.W. Yap,Martyna J. Grabowska,Chelsie E. Rohrscheib,Rhiannon Jeans,Michael Troup,Angelique C. Paulk,Angelique C. Paulk,Bart van Alphen,Bart van Alphen,Paul J. Shaw,Bruno van Swinderen +10 more
TL;DR: A transitional sleep stage in Drosophila is reported associated with 7–10 Hz oscillatory activity that can be obtained through activation of the sleep-promoting neurons of the dorsal fan-shaped body.
Journal ArticleDOI
Computational Psychiatry of ADHD: Neural Gain Impairments across Marrian Levels of Analysis
TL;DR: It is proposed that ADHD is caused by impaired gain modulation in systems that generate this phenotypic increased behavioural variability, and how this variable behaviour might be implemented at a neural level through catecholamine influences on corticostriatal loops.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for selective attention in the insect brain
TL;DR: Surprisingly, a variety of brain structures appear to be involved, suggesting that even in the smallest brains attention might involve widespread coordination of neural activity.
Posted ContentDOI
Neural Control of Steering in Walking Drosophila
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify descending "steering" neurons in the Drosophila brain that lie two synapses downstream from the brain's heading direction map in the central complex.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A Neural Substrate of Prediction and Reward
TL;DR: Findings in this work indicate that dopaminergic neurons in the primate whose fluctuating output apparently signals changes or errors in the predictions of future salient and rewarding events can be understood through quantitative theories of adaptive optimizing control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parallel Organization of Functionally Segregated Circuits Linking Basal Ganglia and Cortex
TL;DR: The basal ganglia serve primarily to integrate diverse inputs from the entire cerebral cortex and to "funnel" these influences, via the ventrolateral thalamus, to the motor cortex.
Journal ArticleDOI
A framework for mesencephalic dopamine systems based on predictive Hebbian learning
TL;DR: A theoretical framework is developed that shows how mesencephalic dopamine systems could distribute to their targets a signal that represents information about future expectations and shows that, through a simple influence on synaptic plasticity, fluctuations in dopamine release can act to change the predictions in an appropriate manner.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of parkinsonian motor behaviours by optogenetic control of basal ganglia circuitry
Alexxai V. Kravitz,Benjamin S. Freeze,Philip R.L. Parker,Kenneth Kay,Myo T. Thwin,Karl Deisseroth,Anatol C. Kreitzer +6 more
TL;DR: These findings establish a critical role for basal ganglia circuitry in the bidirectional regulation of motor behaviour and indicate that modulation of direct-pathway circuitry may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for ameliorating parkinsonian motor deficits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear neural networks: Principles, mechanisms, and architectures
TL;DR: An historical discussion is provided of the intellectual trends that caused nineteenth century interdisciplinary studies of physics and psychobiology by leading scientists such as Helmholtz, Maxwell, and Mach to splinter into separate twentieth-century scientific movements.