Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental investigation on influence of different transverse fire locations on maximum smoke temperature under the tunnel ceiling
TLDR
In this paper, a set of model scale experiments were carried out, to investigate the influence of different transverse fire locations on maximum smoke temperature under the tunnel ceiling, and the results showed that the restriction effect of the sidewalls of tunnels cause the maximum smoke temperatures under the ceiling to increase compared with the unconfined space, even fires occurs at the longitudinal centerline.About:
This article is published in International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer.The article was published on 2012-08-01. It has received 227 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Smoke.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A study of the effect of plug-holing and boundary layer separation on natural ventilation with vertical shaft in urban road tunnel fires
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of vertical shaft height on natural ventilation in urban road tunnel fires was investigated, and two special phenomena, plug-holing and turbulent boundary-layer separation were observed, both of which will influence the impact of smoke exhaust.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental study of air entrainment mode with natural ventilation using shafts in road tunnel fires
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantificationally analyzed the effect of plug-holing on the smoke exhaust efficiency in road tunnel fires and found that about 2/3 of the smoke exhausting rate of the shaft is air.
Journal ArticleDOI
A numerical study on upstream maximum temperature in inclined urban road tunnel fires
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the smoke behaviors induced by fires in inclined tunnels with different slopes and the upstream maximum temperatures along the tunnel centerline were specifically focused, showing that the longitudinal centerline peak temperature occurs at the downstream region of fire source rather than right above the fire source.
Journal ArticleDOI
Smoke spread characteristics inside a tunnel with natural ventilation under a strong environmental wind
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of strong environmental wind on a tunnel fire under natural ventilation was investigated using large eddy simulation method in order to investigate the smoke movement under the stack effect induced inside a shaft.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of vertical shaft arrangement on natural ventilation performance during tunnel fires
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of vertical shaft arrangement on natural ventilation performance during tunnel fires was investigated numerically by Large Eddy Simulation and the smoke flow characteristics in the tunnel and shaft under the combined function of longitudinal wind and stack effect of shaft are analyzed.
References
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BookDOI
SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering
Morgan J. Hurley,Daniel Gottuk,John R. Hall,Kazunori Harada,Erica D. Kuligowski,Milosh Puchovsky,Jose L. Torero,JJohn M. Watts,Christopher Wieczorek +8 more
TL;DR: This book provides thorough treatment of the current best practices in fire protection engineering and performance-based fire safety, and remains the indispensible source for reliable coverage of fire safety engineering fundamentals, fire dynamics, hazard calculations, fire risk analysis, modeling and more.
BookDOI
Enclosure Fire Dynamics
TL;DR: The Enclosure Fire Dynamics as mentioned in this paper provides a complete description of enclosure fires and how the outbreak of a fire in a compartment causes changes in the environment, and provides a clear presentation of the dominant mechanisms controlling enclosure fires.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of smoke flow in tunnel fires using longitudinal ventilation systems - a study of the critical velocity
TL;DR: In this article, a series of experimental tests in five model tunnels having the same height but different cross-sectional geometry were carried out and the experimental results showed that the critical velocity did vary with the tunnel crosssectional geometry and that there are two regimes of variation of critical velocity against fire heat release rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Entrainment in fire plumes.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new technique for measurement of mass flow rates in buoyant fire plumes is described, and the characteristics of 10 - 200 k W methane diffusion flames stabilized on porous-bed-burners of 0.10 - 0.50 m dia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicity of fire smoke.
TL;DR: An analysis of toxicological findings in fire and nonfire deaths and the results of animal exposures to smoke from a variety of burning materials indicate that carbon monoxide is still likely to be the major toxicant in modern fires.