Journal ArticleDOI
Ferroelastic Properties of Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics
TLDR
In this article, the authors show that the small-signal value of the elastic constant s is not sufficient to describe the complicated behavior of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics.Abstract:
To increase the reliability of multilayer actuators, calculation of the mechanical stress inside the device during operation is important. This paper shows that the small-signal value of the elastic constant s is not sufficient to describe the complicated behavior of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics. Therefore, compressive strain and depolarization have been measured as a function of large-signal stress applied parallel to the poling direction. The nonlinear dependence of the strain and depolarization can clearly be explained by domain processes. Soft and hard PZT ceramics have been investigated. In hard PZT, domain switching appears at higher stresses than in soft PZT. Moreover, in hard PZT, the domains partly switch back during unloading. The critical stress (coercive stress) necessary for a domain-switching process shows a dependence on the Zr:Ti ratio that is quite similar to the dependence of the electric coercive field. The influence of an electric field applied parallel to the poling direction and superimposed on the compression experiment also has been examined. The coercive stress depends linearly on the electric field. The linear coefficient of this relation is given by the ratio of depolarization to compressive strain caused by domain switching.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinearity in piezoelectric ceramics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of experimental evidence and present understanding of nonlinear dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric relationships in PEG ceramics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ferroelectric and ferroelastic piezoceramics – modeling of electromechanical hysteresis phenomena
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenomenological modeling of the non-linear electro-mechanical coupling in ferroelectrics
TL;DR: In this article, a phenomenological model of macroscopic ferroelectricity for general electro-mechanical loading histories is presented, which is simple enough to be implemented in an FE-code with realistic effort.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of uniaxial prestress on the ferroelectric hysteretic response of soft PZT
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of preload stress on the ferroelectric hysteretic behavior of piezoelectric ceramics was investigated for soft lead zirconate titanate (PZT) material under various uniaxial compressive stress preloads.
Journal ArticleDOI
BiFeO3-BaTiO3: A new generation of lead-free electroceramics
Dawei Wang,Ge Wang,Shunsuke Murakami,Zhongming Fan,Antonio Feteira,Di Zhou,Shi-Kuan Sun,Quanliang Zhao,Ian M. Reaney +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new generation of lead-free electroceramics based on BiFeO3-BaTiO3 (BF-BT) is presented, highlighting the essential crystal chemistry that permits a wide range of functional properties and demonstrate that with the appropriate dopants and heat treatment, BF-BT can be used to fabricate commercially viable ceramics for applications, ranging from sensors, multilayer actuators, capacitors and high density energy storage devices.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear Deformation of Ferroelectric Ceramics
H.C. Cao,Anthony G. Evans +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a preliminary experimental investigation has been undertaken to study the relevant mechanical responses of Ferroelectric ceramics used in advanced actuator systems to high stresses and large deformations that may lead to nonlinearity and performance degradation.
Journal Article
Electrostrictive actuators: materials and applications.
TL;DR: In this paper, les ceramiques a base de titanate zirconate de plomb (PZT) et de niobate de magnesium and de PLomb (PMN) are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamic Observation of Crack Propagation in Piezoelectric Multilayer Actuators
Atsushi Furuta,Kenji Uchino +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a crack propagation in multilayer piezoelectric actuators made of Pb((Ni1/3Nb2/3), Ti, Zr)O3 ceramics with an interdigital electrode configuration was observed dynamically under an applied cyclic electric field using charge coupled device microscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Internal bias in acceptor‐doped BaTiO3 ceramics: Numerical evaluation of increase and decrease
TL;DR: In this article, a simple model for the buildup of the internal bias in time and the decrease of internal bias by forced switching of the polarization by an ac field has been derived from a simple Ferroelectrics model, proposed recently by G. Arlt and H. Neumann.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the origin of the maximum in the electromechanical activity in Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 ceramies near the morphotropic phase boundary
K. Carl,K. H. Härdtl +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the maximum in the electromechanical activity at the morphotorpic phase boundary of Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 solid solutions is caused by a maximum of the dielectric constant.