From Conceptualizing to Measuring HIV Stigma: A Review of HIV Stigma Mechanism Measures
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TLDR
A new framework designed to aid in clarifying the conceptualization and measurement of HIV stigma among individuals is articulate and the utility of using three questions to guide future HIV stigma research is emphasized.Abstract:
Recent analyses suggest that lack of clarity in the conceptualization and measurement of HIV stigma at an individual level is a significant barrier to HIV prevention and treatment efforts. In order to address this concern, we articulate a new framework designed to aid in clarifying the conceptualization and measurement of HIV stigma among individuals. The HIV Stigma Framework explores how the stigma of HIV elicits a series of stigma mechanisms, which in turn lead to deleterious outcomes for HIV uninfected and infected people. We then apply this framework to review measures developed to gauge the effect of HIV stigma since the beginning of the epidemic. Finally, we emphasize the utility of using three questions to guide future HIV stigma research: who is affected by, how are they affected by, and what are the outcomes of HIV stigma?read more
Citations
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Internalized stigma and HIV status disclosure among HIV-positive black men who have sex with men.
TL;DR: Findings from this study provide evidence that internalized negative beliefs about one's HIV status are linked to adverse interpersonal consequences and are discussed with regard to prevention and intervention efforts to reduce HIV stigmatization.
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Stigma and intersectionality: a systematic review of systematic reviews across HIV/AIDS, mental illness, and physical disability.
TL;DR: The lack of systematic reviews comparing stigma across mental illness, HIV/AIDS, and physical disability indicates the need for more cross-comparative analyses among these conditions.
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Anticipated stigma and quality of life among people living with chronic illnesses
TL;DR: The process by which anticipated stigma relates to quality of life among people living with chronic illnesses is examined, demonstrating that stress mediated the relationships between anticipated stigma from friends and family, and work colleagues withquality of life.
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Substance use stigma: Reliability and validity of a theory-based scale for substance-using populations.
TL;DR: The SU-SMS may serve as a valuable tool for better understanding the processes through which substance use stigma serves to undermine key health behaviors and outcomes among persons with substance use disorders.
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The Role of HIV-Related Stigma in Utilization of Skilled Childbirth Services in Rural Kenya: A Prospective Mixed-Methods Study
Janet M. Turan,Abigail H. Hatcher,José S. Medema-Wijnveen,Maricianah Onono,Suellen Miller,Elizabeth A. Bukusi,Bulent Turan,Craig R. Cohen +7 more
TL;DR: The role of the perception of women in rural Kenya of HIV-related stigma during pregnancy on their subsequent utilization of maternity services and the impact of stigma on utilization is examined.
References
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Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence
TL;DR: It is shown that LGBs have a higher prevalence of mental disorders than heterosexuals and a conceptual framework is offered for understanding this excess in prevalence of disorder in terms of minority stress--explaining that stigma, prejudice, and discrimination create a hostile and stressful social environment that causes mental health problems.