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Journal ArticleDOI

Generalized Burgers equation for plane waves

David T. Blackstock
- 01 Jun 1985 - 
- Vol. 77, Iss: 6, pp 2050-2053
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TLDR
In this paper, the generalized Burgers equation is generalized by replacing the thermoviscous term Aut’t with an operator L(u), which represents the effect of attenuation and dispersion, even if known only empirically.
Abstract
Burgers’ equation, an equation for plane waves of finite amplitude in thermoviscous fluids, is generalized by replacing the thermoviscous term Aut’t’ (A is the thermoviscous coefficient, u particle velocity, and t’ retarded time) with an operator L(u). This operator represents the effect of attenuation and dispersion, even if known only empirically. Specific forms of L(u) are given for thermoviscous fluids, relaxing fluids, and fluids for which viscous and thermal boundary layers are important. A method for specifying L(u) when the attenuation and dispersion properties are known only empirically is described. A perturbation solution of the generalized Burgers equation is carried out to third order. An example is discussed for the case α2=2α1, where α1 and α2 are the small‐signal attenuation coefficients at the fundamental and second‐harmonic frequencies, respectively. The growth/decay curve of the second harmonic component is given both with and without the inclusion of dispersion. Dispersion causes a sma...

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Journal ArticleDOI

Modeling nonlinear ultrasound propagation in heterogeneous media with power law absorption using a k-space pseudospectral method

TL;DR: The k-space pseudospectral method is used to reduce the number of grid points required per wavelength for accurate simulations of nonlinear ultrasound propagation through tissue realistic media, and increases the accuracy of the gradient calculation and relaxes the requirement for dense computational grids compared to conventional finite difference methods.
Journal ArticleDOI

Fractional Laplacian time-space models for linear and nonlinear lossy media exhibiting arbitrary frequency power-law dependency.

TL;DR: A linear integro-differential equation wave model was developed for the anomalous attenuation by using the space-fractional Laplacian operation, and the strategy is then extended to the nonlinear Burgers equation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Modeling power law absorption and dispersion for acoustic propagation using the fractional Laplacian

TL;DR: In this paper, a wave equation that utilizes two lossy derivative operators based on the fractional Laplacian is derived, which can be efficiently incorporated into Fourier based pseudospectral and k-space methods without the increase in memory required by their time-domain fractional counterparts.
Journal ArticleDOI

A review of the physical properties and biological effects of the high amplitude acoustic fields used in extracorporeal lithotripsy

TL;DR: The relatively large amplitudes and low frequencies in ESWL make it a more potent generator of transient cavitation than most other forms of medical ultrasound, and biological-effects studies with lithotripsy fields may be expected to extend the understanding of the nature of transient Cavitation.