Gravity wave heating and cooling of the thermosphere: Sensible heat flux and viscous flux of kinetic energy
TLDR
In this article, the authors used a full-wave model of the viscous damping of atmospheric gravity waves propagating in a nonisothermal atmosphere to explore the relative contributions of these sources of wave heating as a function of wave properties and altitude.Abstract:
[1] Total wave heating is the sum of the convergence of the sensible heat flux and the divergence of the viscous flux of wave kinetic energy. Numerical simulations, using a full-wave model of the viscous damping of atmospheric gravity waves propagating in a nonisothermal atmosphere, are carried out to explore the relative contributions of these sources of wave heating as a function of wave properties and altitude. It is shown that the sensible heat flux always dominates in the lower thermosphere, giving a lower region of heating and an upper stronger region of cooling. The heating due to the divergence of the viscous flux of kinetic energy is significant only for fast waves (horizontal phase speed greater than about 120 m s−1). The faster the wave is, the greater the heating in the upper thermosphere can be. The viscous heat source in per unit mass terms can greatly exceed the sensible heat source for fast waves and might be a significant heat source for the middle and upper thermosphere.read more
Citations
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A review of vertical coupling in the Atmosphere–Ionosphere system: Effects of waves, sudden stratospheric warmings, space weather, and of solar activity
TL;DR: A review of recent developments in atmosphere-ionosphere science can be found in this article, focusing on the effects of internal waves, such as gravity waves and solar tides, sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), and of solar activity on the structure of the atmosphere.
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An intense traveling airglow front in the upper mesosphere–lower thermosphere with characteristics of a bore observed over Alice Springs, Australia, during a strong 2 day wave episode
TL;DR: In this paper, a traveling front in the OH Meinel (OHM) and O2atmospheric (O2A) airglow emissions over Alice Springs, Australia, was observed.
An intense traveling airglow front in the upper mesosphere--lower thermosphere with characteristics
TL;DR: In this article, a traveling front in the OH Meinel (OHM) and O2atmospheric (O2A) airglow emissions over Alice Springs, Australia, was observed.
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MAVEN NGIMS observations of atmospheric gravity waves in the Martian thermosphere
Scott L. England,Guiping Liu,Erdal Yiğit,Paul R. Mahaffy,Meredith Elrod,Mehdi Benna,Hiromu Nakagawa,Naoki Terada,Bruce M. Jakosky +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used observations from the NGIMS mass spectrometer on MAVEN to identify such waves in the observations of different atmospheric species, and they reported the first observationally based estimate of the heating and cooling rates of the Martian thermosphere created by the waves observed in this region.
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Secondary Gravity Waves Generated by Breaking Mountain Waves Over Europe
Chistopher J. Heale,Katrina Bossert,Sharon L. Vadas,Lars Hoffmann,Andreas Dörnbrack,Gunter Stober,Jonathan B. Snively,Christoph Jacobi +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a strong mountain wave is simulated in 2D under two fixed background wind conditions representing opposite tidal phases, and the authors investigate the breaking of the mountain wave and subsequent generation of nonprimary waves in the upper atmosphere.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Extension of the MSIS Thermosphere Model into the middle and lower atmosphere
TL;DR: In this paper, the MSIS-86 empirical model has been extended into the mesosphere and lower atmosphere to provide a single analytic model for calculating temperature and density profiles representative of the climatological average for various geophysical conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The viscous damping of atmospheric gravity waves
M. L. V. Pitteway,Colin O. Hines +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of viscous damping and thermal conduction at meteor heights in the upper atmosphere were investigated, and the results of this paper are consistent with the conclusions of an earlier analysis, insofar as the two overlap.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamical heating of the upper atmosphere
TL;DR: In this paper, the energy that is deposited in the ionosphere by internal atmospheric gravity waves propagating upward from below is assessed on the basis of recent observational data, and the implied heating rates are found to range from 10°K/day (near the 95-km level) to 100°K / day (near 140 km), and they therefore compete with solar radiation as the primary source of heating in ionospheric E region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parameterization of the effects of vertically propagating gravity waves for thermosphere general circulation models: Sensitivity study
TL;DR: In this article, a parameterization of gravity wave (GW) drag, suitable for implementation into general circulation models (GCMs) extending into the thermosphere is presented, which systematically accounts for wave dissipation in the upper atmosphere due to molecular viscosity, thermal conduction, ion friction, and radiative damping in the form of the Newtonian cooling.
Book ChapterDOI
The viscous damping of atmospheric gravity waves
M. L. V. Pitteway,Colin O. Hines +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of viscous damping and thermal conduction at meteor heights in the upper atmosphere were investigated, and the results were consistent with the conclusions of an earlier analysis, insofar as the two overlap.