Heat transfer enhancement by using nanofluids in forced convection flows

TLDR: In this paper, the problem of laminar forced convection flow of nanofluids has been thoroughly investigated for two particular geometrical configurations, namely a uniformly heated tube and a system of parallel, coaxial and heated disks.

Abstract: The problem of laminar forced convection flow of nanofluids has been thoroughly investigated for two particular geometrical configurations, namely a uniformly heated tube and a system of parallel, coaxial and heated disks. Numerical results, as obtained for water-γAl 2 O 3 and Ethylene Glycol-γAl 2 O 3 mixtures, have clearly shown that the inclusion of nanoparticles into the base fluids has produced a considerable augmentation of the heat transfer coefficient that clearly increases with an increase of the particle concentration. However, the presence of such particles has also induced drastic effects on the wall shear stress that increases appreciably with the particle loading. Among the mixtures studied, the Ethylene Glycol -γAl 2 O 3 nanofluid appears to offer a better heat transfer enhancement than water- γ/Al 2 O 3 ; it is also the one that has induced more pronounced adverse effects on the wall shear stress. For the case of tube flow, results have also shown that, in general, the heat transfer enhancement also increases considerably with an augmentation of the flow Reynolds number. Correlations have been provided for computing the Nusselt number for the nanofluids considered in terms of the Reynolds and the Prandtl numbers and this for both the thermal boundary conditions considered