Journal ArticleDOI
High abundance of viruses found in aquatic environments.
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Using a new method for quantitative enumeration, up to 2.5 x IO8 virus particles per millilitre in natural waters indicate that virus infection may be an important factor in the ecological control of planktonic micro-organisms.Abstract:
The concentration of bacteriophages in natural unpolluted waters is in general believed to be low, and they have therefore been considered ecologically unimportant. Using a new method for quantitative enumeration, we have found up to 2.5 x 10(8) virus particles per millilitre in natural waters. These concentrations indicate that virus infection may be an important factor in the ecological control of planktonic micro-organisms, and that viruses might mediate genetic exchange among bacteria in natural aquatic environments.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lysogeny in marine Synechococcus.
TL;DR: It is shown that lysogeny occurs in natural populations of an autotrophic picoplankton (Synechococcus) and that there is a seasonal pattern to this interaction.
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The phototrophic way of life
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Book ChapterDOI
Evolution of the Large Nucleocytoplasmic DNA Viruses of Eukaryotes and Convergent Origins of Viral Gigantism.
Eugene V. Koonin,Natalya Yutin +1 more
TL;DR: These giants of the virus world evolved repeatedly from smaller and simpler viruses, rather than from a fourth domain of cellular life, and captured numerous genes, including those for translation system components, from eukaryotes, along with some bacterial genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viral activity in two contrasting lake ecosystems
TL;DR: Although viruses did not represent the main agent of bacterial mortality, their relative importance was higher in the less productive system, and there were no significant depth-related differences in FVIC or burst size.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of foodborne pathogens via temperate bacteriophage-mediated gene transfer
TL;DR: The basic genetic exchange mechanisms mediated by temperate bacteriophages are described and how these mechanisms have been central to the dissemination of virulence genes, such as toxins and antibiotics from one species to another (the shiga-like toxins, and multiple antibiotic resistance dissemination in Salmonella are used as specific examples).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Minimum bacterial density for bacteriophage replication: implications for significance of bacteriophages in natural ecosystems.
B A Wiggins,M Alexander +1 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that bacteriophages do not affect the number or activity of bacteria in environments where the density of the host species is below the host cell threshold of about 10(4) CFU/ml.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rate of bacterial mortality in aquatic environments
TL;DR: Results obtained from river water, estuarine water, and seawater show overall bacterial mortality rates in the range 0.010 to 0.030 h, in good agreement with the range of growth rates measured in the same environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do bacteria-sized marine eukaryotes consume significant bacterial production?
Jed A. Fuhrman,George B. McManus +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that previously uncharacterized, small eukaryotes that are able to pass even 0.6-micrometer filters may be responsible for a large fraction of the total grazing in coastal waters.