Immunotoxin Treatment of Cancer
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TLDR
The most potent immunotoxins are made from bacterial and plant toxins as discussed by the authors, which are composed of an antibody fragment linked to a toxin, and the immunotoxin binds to a surface antigen on a cancer cell, enters the cell by endocytosis, and kills it.Abstract:
Immunotoxins are proteins used to treat cancer that are composed of an antibody fragment linked to a toxin. The immunotoxin binds to a surface antigen on a cancer cell, enters the cell by endocytosis, and kills it. The most potent immunotoxins are made from bacterial and plant toxins. Refinements over many years have produced recombinant immunotoxins; these therapeutic proteins are made using protein engineering. Individual immunotoxins are designed to treat specific cancers. To date, most success has been achieved treating hematologic tumors. Obstacles to successful treatment of solid tumors include poor penetration into tumor masses and the immune response to the toxin component of the immunotoxin, which limits the number of cycles that can be given. Strategies to overcome these limitations are being pursued.read more
Citations
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References
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Efficacy of the Anti-CD22 Recombinant Immunotoxin BL22 in Chemotherapy-Resistant Hairy-Cell Leukemia
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TL;DR: BL22 can induce complete remissions in patients with hairy-cell leukemia that is resistant to treatment with purine analogues, including cladribine.
Journal ArticleDOI
A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of two antibody variable domains fused to Pseudomonas exotoxin
Vijay K. Chaudhary,Cary L. Queen,Richard P. Junghans,Thomas A. Waldmann,Desmond J. Fitzgerald,Ira Pastan +5 more
TL;DR: Anti-Tac(Fv)–PE40 was very cytotoxic to two interleukin-2 receptor-bearing human cell lines but was not cytotoxicity to receptor-negative cells, suggesting that the construction and expression of this single chain antibody toxin fusion protein in E coli is likely to be influenced by its carrier status.
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