Improved primary immunodiagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in humans by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the Em2plus antigen.
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Abstract:
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in humans is generally a fatal disease when not diagnosed early enough to provide curative treatment such as radical surgery. Immunodiagnosis for early detection of AE was improved by the isolation of an affinity-purified metacestode Em2 antigen and by the synthesis of recombinant Echinococcus multilocularis antigen II/3-10. Both antigens were individually assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and demonstrated high specificities and diagnostic sensitivities, although both missed approximately 4 to 11% of diagnostic cases of AE. To provide an optimal serodiagnostic test, we investigated the two purified antigens by using a test employing a mixture of both purified antigens (designated Em2plus antigen) in one assay. For comparative purposes, crude E. multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus metacestode antigens were investigated as well. The Em2plus ELISA proved to be the optimal diagnostic test with the highest diagnostic sensitivity, 97%, in serum samples from 140 patients with AE and an overall specificity of 99% for infections due to other Echinococcus and non-Echinococcus parasites. The new test combination (Em2plus ELISA) is suggested for the serodiagnosis of AE in patients and for seroepidemiological surveys.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Aspects of Echinococcosis, a Zoonosis of Increasing Concern
Johannes Eckert,Peter Deplazes +1 more
TL;DR: Various aspects of human echinococcosis are discussed in this review, including data on the infectivity of genetic variants of E. granulosus to humans, the increasing invasion of cities in Europe and Japan by red foxes, the main definitive hosts ofE.
Journal ArticleDOI
Concepts in Immunology and Diagnosis of Hydatid Disease
TL;DR: This review discusses new concepts and approaches in the immunology and diagnosis of echinococcosis, but comparative reference has also been made to AE infection and to earlier pivotal studies of both diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human alveolar echinococcosis after fox population increase, Switzerland.
Alexander Schweiger,Rudolf W. Ammann,Daniel Candinas,Pierre-Alain Clavien,Johannes Eckert,Bruno Gottstein,Nerman Halkic,Beat Muellhaupt,Bettina Mareike Prinz,Juerg Reichen,Philip E. Tarr,Paul R. Torgerson,Peter Deplazes +12 more
TL;DR: An increase in fox population has led to an increase in incidence of human alveolar echinococcosis in Northern Ireland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatic echinococcosis: Clinical and therapeutic aspects
Giuseppe Nunnari,Marilia Rita Pinzone,Salvatore Gruttadauria,Benedetto Maurizio Celesia,Giordano Madeddu,Giulia Malaguarnera,Piero Pavone,Alessandro Cappellani,Bruno Cacopardo +8 more
TL;DR: The improvement of surgical techniques, the introduction of minimally invasive treatments and more effective drugs have deeply changed life expectancy and quality of life of patients with HD.
Book ChapterDOI
Detection, screening and community epidemiology of taeniid cestode zoonoses: cystic echinococcosis, alveolar echinococcosis and neurocysticercosis.
TL;DR: The chapter addresses the problem of neurocysticercosis and epilepsy in developing countries particularly Latin America and its public health consequences in the USA and elsewhere.
References
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Orthotopic liver transplantation for incurable alveolar echinococcosis of the liver: report of 17 cases.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Production of a recombinant antigen of Echinococcus multilocularis with high immunodiagnostic sensitivity and specificity
TL;DR: A cDNA library derived from mRNA of metacestodes from Echinococcus multilocularis was constructed in the Escherichia coli expression vector lambda gt11 and screened with human patients' sera suggesting the usefulness of the recombinant II/3-antigen for immunodiagnosis of human alveolar echinococcosis.