Showing papers in "Hepatology in 1991"

TL;DR: The clinical and histopathological outcomes of patients who contracted chronic non A, non B hepatitis as a result of transfusions administered during heart surgery at the National Institutes of Health are evaluated.

TL;DR: The data suggest that tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1α are related to some of the metabolic consequences of both acute and chronic alcohol‐induced liver disease, whereas interleukain‐6 is related to abnormalities seen in acute liver injury.

TL;DR: In patients with recurrent hepatitis B virus infection, the pace of hepatitis development in the graft appeared to be accelerated, and this was particularly striking in patients who underwent multiple retransplantations at progressively shorter intervals.

TL;DR: Analysis of the histological changes and viral antigen expression in six cases revealed a distinct and novel pattern termed fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis, which is postulated to develop because of a high cytoplasmic expression of viral antigens, including HBsAg.

TL;DR: In conclusion, endothelial cell deterioration followed by Kupffer cell activation occurred after increasing times of cold ischemic storage and reperfusion of rat livers, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of graft failure caused by reperfusions‐mediated storage injury.

TL;DR: The liver is an important site of synthesis and the major clearance organ for several cytokines, involved in the onset of intrahepatic immune responses, in liver regeneration and in the fibrotic and cirrhotic transformation of the liver such as chronic chemical injury or viral infection.

TL;DR: The concurrent elevation in plasma levels of the strongest hepatocyte mitogen (hepatocyte growth factor) and the strongest liver mitogenic amplifier (norepinephrine) probably serves to provide the mitogenic signal that initiates the first round of DNA synthesis during liver regeneration.

TL;DR: Data indicate for the first time that two genes within the major histocompatibility complex closely linked to the DR3 and DR4 genes independently confer susceptibility to autoimmune chronic active hepatitis.

TL;DR: A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing two doses of recombinant human α‐interferon for efficacy in 60 patients with chronic non‐A, non‐B hepatitis found that 75% were positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus.

TL;DR: Serum human hepatocyte growth factor levels in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were found to be slightly higher than those in normal subjects, but only the increase in serum human hepatocytes growth factor of acute hepatitis patients was statistically significant.

TL;DR: Risk factors linked to recurrence of small hepatocellular carcinomas, up to 3cm in diameter, after hepatectomy showed that the risk factors were tumor diameter greater than 2.2 cm, intracapsular infiltration of tumor cells, tumor location deep in the liver, macroscopical and microscopical tumor invasion into the portal vein and intrahepatic metastasis.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the incidence of delayed clearance of HBsAg during chronic HBV infection is low and HBeAg status, age of patients and development of cirrhosis are determinants forHBsAg clearance.

TL;DR: The progressive bone loss observed in primary biliary cirrhosis may be halted, and the bone mass may be restored toward normal within 2 to 3 yr after orthotopic liver transplantation.

TL;DR: Hepatitis C virus appears to suppress hepatitis B virus replication and to cause more severe liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.

TL;DR: Independent and interactive effects related to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma were assessed using a community‐based case‐control study for hepatitis B virus, habitual alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, peanut consumption and history of hepatic carcinoma among the immediate family.

TL;DR: In vivo, ursodeoxycholate may improve cholestatic liver disease by reducing the toxicity of endogenous bile salts at the luminal surface of the canalicular plasma membrane, suggesting that protection does not depend on liver‐specific pathways of bile salt uptake, compartmentation, transport or metabolism.

TL;DR: Under pathologic conditions, enhancement of cholesterol input into the liver or a reduction in hepatic cholesterol output may overwhelm cholesterol homeostatic mechanisms and potentially result in hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, or cholesterol ch~lelithiasis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that propranolol effectively prevents the first variceal hemorrhage in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and large esophageal varices but does not improve survival.

TL;DR: When more than three injections of CCl4 were given, the pericentral fat‐storing cell population reached a new steady state with the cell number being seven times higher than in control animals.

TL;DR: The data suggest that this effect requires no further metabolism of acetaldehyde, but is possibly caused by adduct formation, and concludes that acetaldehyde increases α1(I) procollagen and fibronectin gene expression through enhanced transcription by a mechanism dependent on newly synthesized proteins.

TL;DR: Spinal bone mineral density decreased by 24% in the first 3 mo after orthotopic liver transplantation with no further decrease at 12 mo, whereas the resorbing surface was near the normal mean and the osteoblast surface, tetracycline surface and bone formation rate was lower in men but not women.

TL;DR: The results indicate that detection of hepatitis C virus RNA may be useful as a marker of viral replication in chronic hepatitis C and suggest that interferon should again be administered to patients who become hepatitis Cirus RNA negative on treatment but again exhibit this marker ofiral replication when treatment is stopped.

TL;DR: Patients with overt alcoholic liver disease who had participated in a multicenter therapeutic trial and subgroups of controls were tested for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus antibodies to determine the prevalence of these antibodies and any clinical association in the progression and outcome of alcoholic Liver disease.

TL;DR: Results indicate that a large number of hepatocytes can be reproducibly delivered to the liver by transplantation into the spleen, a critical step toward successfully accomplishing hepatocyte‐directed gene therapy and repopulation of the acutely devastated liver.

TL;DR: This assay has proved to be valuable for determining the presence of hepatitis C virus RNA in various samples and offers the possibility of diagnosis of hepatitisC virus infection in patients who do not react in the presently available antibody tests.

TL;DR: The effects of once‐daily oral administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (generic name, ursodiol) on elevated serum enzyme activities, bilirubin, cholesterol, bile acids and symptoms in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis is investigated.