Journal ArticleDOI
Individuality of handwriting.
TLDR
In this article, the authors used computer algorithms for extracting features from scanned images of handwriting, e.g., line separation, slant, character shapes, etc., to quantitatively establish individuality by using machine learning approaches.Abstract:
Motivated by several rulings in United States courts concerning expert testimony in general, and handwriting testimony in particular, we undertook a study to objectively validate the hypothesis that handwriting is individual. Handwriting samples of 1500 individuals, representative of the U.S. population with respect to gender, age, ethnic groups, etc., were obtained. Analyzing differences in handwriting was done by using computer algorithms for extracting features from scanned images of handwriting. Attributes characteristic of the handwriting were obtained, e.g., line separation, slant, character shapes, etc. These attributes, which are a subset of attributes used by forensic document examiners (FDEs), were used to quantitatively establish individuality by using machine learning approaches. Using global attributes of handwriting and very few characters in the writing, the ability to determine the writer with a high degree of confidence was established. The work is a step towards providing scientific support for admitting handwriting evidence in court. The mathematical approach and the resulting software also have the promise of aiding the FDE.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Automatic Signature Verification: The State of the Art
Donato Impedovo,Giuseppe Pirlo +1 more
TL;DR: This paper presents the state of the art in automatic signature verification and addresses the most valuable results obtained so far and highlights the most profitable directions of research to date.
Book
Guide to Biometrics
TL;DR: This complete, technical guide details the principles, methods, technologies, and core ideas used in biometric authentication systems and defines and explains how to measure the performance of both verification and identification systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Text-Independent Writer Identification and Verification Using Textural and Allographic Features
M. Bulacu,Lambert Schomaker +1 more
TL;DR: New and very effective techniques for automatic writer identification and verification that use probability distribution functions (PDFs) extracted from the handwriting images to characterize writer individuality are developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Offline signature verification and identification using distance statistics
TL;DR: This paper describes a novel approach for signature verification and identification in an offline environment based on a quasi-multiresolution technique using GSC (Gradient, Structural and Concavity) features for feature extraction using a mapping from the handwriting domain to the signature domain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Automatic writer identification using connected-component contours and edge-based features of uppercase Western script
Lambert Schomaker,M. Bulacu +1 more
TL;DR: The proposed automatic approach bridges the gap between image-statistics approaches on one end and manually measured allograph features of individual characters on the other end, and revealed a high-sensitivity of the CO/sup 3/ PDF for identifying individual writers on the basis of a single sentence of uppercase characters.
References
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Book
Pattern classification and scene analysis
Richard O. Duda,Peter E. Hart +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a unified, comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of both statistical and descriptive methods for pattern recognition is provided, including Bayesian decision theory, supervised and unsupervised learning, nonparametric techniques, discriminant analysis, clustering, preprosessing of pictorial data, spatial filtering, shape description techniques, perspective transformations, projective invariants, linguistic procedures, and artificial intelligence techniques for scene analysis.
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TL;DR: Lohr's SAMPLING: DESIGN and ANALYSIS, 2ND EDITION as mentioned in this paper provides guidance on how to tell when a sample is valid or not, and how to design and analyze many different forms of sample surveys.
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On the Encoding of Arbitrary Geometric Configurations
TL;DR: It is shown that one can determine through the use of relatively simple numerical techniques whether a given arbitrary plane curve is open or closed, whether it is singly or multiply connected, and what area it encloses.
Related Papers (5)
Text-Independent Writer Identification and Verification Using Textural and Allographic Features
M. Bulacu,Lambert Schomaker +1 more