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International Executives: Transformative Bureaucracies or Westphalian Orders?

Jarle Trondal, +2 more
- Vol. 8, Iss: 8, pp 4
TLDR
In this article, the authors provide a conceptual mapping and an empirical illustration of three important dynamics of IEs (intergovernmental, supranational and transgovernmental dynamics) and suggest five independent variables that affect the behavior and roles of IE civil servants.
Abstract
Public Administration is in an era of change. This article studies one under-researched part of public administration, the executive arms of International Governmental Organizations (IGOs). These are referred to as International Executives (IEs). The article provides a conceptual mapping and an empirical illustration of three important dynamics of IEs – intergovernmental, supranational and transgovernmental dynamics. The study also offers a middle-range organization theory perspective that suggests five independent variables that affect the behavior and roles of IE civil servants. The variables are (H1) the organizational properties of IEs, (H2) the degrees of institutionalization of IEs, (H3) the recruitment procedures of the IEs, (H4) characteristics of the relationships between IEs and external institutions, and finally (H5) demographic characteristics of the IE civil servants. The empirical illustrations are drawn from the European Commission, the OECD Secretariat and the WTO Secretariat. The article highlights that the IEs of the EU, the OECD and the WTO seem to share important behavioral dynamics due to organizational similarities. Kurzfassung Die offentliche Verwaltung befindet sich in einer Ara des Umbruchs. Dieser Artikel untersucht einen wenig erforschten Teil der offentlichen Verwaltung, namlich den Beamtenapparat der internationalen Regierungsorganisationen. Diese bezeichnet man als Internationale Exekutive (IE). Der Beitrag legt eine Begriffsbildung und empirische Besipiele fur die drei wichtigsten Dynamiken der IE vor – der zwischenstaatlichen, der supranationalen und der transnationalen. Die Studie bedient sich auch der Perspektive der Organisationstheorie mittlerer Reichweite, die funf unabhangige Variablen vorschlagt, die das Verhalten und die Rollen der internationalen Beamten beeinflussen. Die Variablen sind (H1) die organisatorischen Charaktieritika der IEs, (H2) der Grad der Institutionalisierung der IEs, (H3) die Einstellungsverfahren der IEs, (H4) die Eigenschaften der Beziehungen zwischen IEs und externen Institutionen und schlieslich (H5) die demographischen Eigenschaften der IE-Bediensteten. Die empirischen Beispiele stammen von der Europaischen Kommission, dem OECD -Sekretariat und dem WTO-Sekretariat. Der Artikel betont, dass sich aufgrund von organisatorischen Gemeinsamkeiten die IEs der EU, der OECD und der WTO offensichtlich wichtige Verhaltensdynamiken teilen.

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Two Worlds of Europeanisation - Unpacking Models of Government Innovation and Transgovernmental Imitation

Jarle Trondal
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors unpack two supplementary models of Europeanisation, i.e., Europeanisation by innovation and Europeanization by imitation, to investigate the intimate relationships between domestic government decision-making and domestic policy.
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Europeisering av offentlig forvaltning: Observasjoner og fire modeller om norsk sentral-, fylkes- og kommunalforvaltning

Jarle Trondal
TL;DR: In this paper, four supplementary theoretical models reveal the different faces of Europeanisation of public administration: a hierarchical perspective, an organisational perspective, a network perspective, and a transformative perspective, where civil servants become re-socialised and develop new preferences, roles and identities that transcend the territory.
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Book

A primer on decision making : how decisions happen

Chip Heath, +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an introduction to decision making, a central human activity, fundamental to individual, group, organizational, and societal life, and draw on research from all the disciplines of social and behavioural science to show decision making in its broadest context.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Institutional Dynamics of International Political Orders

TL;DR: The authors argue that the tendency of students of international political order to emphasize efficient histories and consequential bases for action leads them to underestimate the significance of rule-and identity-based action and inefficient histories.
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The Politics, Power, and Pathologies of International Organizations

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The European Commission

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TL;DR: A fully revised and expanded new edition of the authoritative text on the European Commission is presented in this article, which introduces and assesses the key factors involved in the Commission's evolution, organization, character, functioning and role.
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National Interests in International Society

TL;DR: Martha Finnemore as discussed by the authors was a member of the National Interests in International Society (NIS) and participated in a debattering of the Konstruktivistiske debatten in Fagfeltet.
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