Journal ArticleDOI
Joint Dispersal Does Not Imply Maintenance of Partnerships in Lichen Symbioses
Sabine Wornik,Martin Grube +1 more
TLDR
It is shown that algal gene diversity in populations of lichenized fungi with different propagation strategies is not necessarily different, and maintenance of symbiotic associations is an option but not a strict consequence of joint symbiont dispersal in lichens.Abstract:
Dispersal of symbiotic partners by joint propagules is considered as an efficient strategy to maintain successful associations and to circumvent low symbiont availability. Joint dispersal is widespread in diverse symbioses and a particularly common reproductive mode in lichens. We were interested in the implications of joint symbiont dispersal on population genetic structure and investigated patterns of symbiont association in populations of two closely related lichen species in the genus Physconia, with similar range of compatible algal partners. One of the lichen species is characterized by joint dispersal of both symbionts, whereas the other species propagates by meiotic fungal spores alone. The latter species must re-establish the symbiotic stage with appropriate algae sampled from the environment. Both fungal species have specialized on photobionts representing a monophyletic lineage of the algal genus Trebouxia. The results indicate no correlated association of symbiont genotypes in the species with joint symbiont dispersal. We rather show that algal gene diversity in populations of lichenized fungi with different propagation strategies is not necessarily different. The association with algae that differ from the co-dispersed genotypes during the vegetative development of the thalli is the most likely explanation for the observed pattern. Maintenance of symbiotic associations is an option but not a strict consequence of joint symbiont dispersal in lichens.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mutualisms in a changing world: an evolutionary perspective
TL;DR: An evolutionary perspective on mutualism breakdown is developed to complement the ecological perspective, by focusing on three processes: shifts from mutualism to antagonism, switches to novel partners and mutualism abandonment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Population structure of mycobionts and photobionts of the widespread lichen Cetraria aculeata
Fernando Fernández-Mendoza,Stephanie Domaschke,Miguel A. García,P. Jordan,María P. Martín,Christian Printzen +5 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that a photobiont switch in the past enabled C. aculeata to colonize temperate as well as polar habitats and may lead to genetic isolation between populations and thus drive the evolution of lichens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two Trebouxia algae with different physiological performances are ever‐present in lichen thalli of Ramalina farinacea. Coexistence versus Competition?
Leonardo M. Casano,Eva M. del Campo,Francisco J. García-Breijo,Francisco J. García-Breijo,José Reig-Armiñana,Francisco Gasulla,Alicia del Hoyo,Alfredo Guéra,Alfredo Guéra,Eva Barreno +9 more
TL;DR: Examination of the phycobiont composition of several geographically distant populations of R. farinacea from the Iberian Peninsula, Canary Islands and California indicated a superior performance of TR9 under relatively high temperatures and irradiances while TR1 thrived at moderate temperature and irradiance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Secondary extinctions of biodiversity
Jedediah F. Brodie,Clare E. Aslan,Haldre S. Rogers,Kent H. Redford,John L. Maron,Judith L. Bronstein,Craig Groves +6 more
TL;DR: A conceptual model of species and community attributes affecting secondary extinction likelihood, incorporating mechanisms that buffer organisms against partner loss is developed, suggesting improved conservation planning tactics and critical directions for research on secondary extinctions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vertical and horizontal photobiont transmission within populations of a lichen symbiosis
TL;DR: The predominant dispersal mode was by means of symbiotic vegetative propagules (vertical transmission), which dispersed fungal and algal clones co‐dependently over a short distance, thus shaping the spatial genetic structure up to distances of 20 m.
References
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