Large Granular Lymphocyte Expansion in Myeloid Diseases and Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes: Whoever Seeks Finds
Bruno Fattizzo,Bruno Fattizzo,Valentina Bellani,Raffaella Pasquale,Juri Alessandro Giannotta,Wilma Barcellini +5 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors reviewed available literature regarding the association of large granular lymphocyte clones with myeloid neoplasms and bone marrow failures focusing on evidence of pathogenic, clinical, and prognostic relevance.Abstract:
Large granular lymphocytes (LGL) are lymphoid cells characterized by either a T-cell or a natural killer phenotype whose expansion may be reactive to toxic, infectious, and neoplastic conditions, or result from clonal selection. Recently, the higher attention to LGL clones led to their detection in many clinical conditions including myeloid neoplasms and bone marrow failures. In these contexts, it is still unclear whether LGL cells actively contribute to anti-stem cell autoimmunity or are only a reaction to dysplastic/leukemic myelopoiesis. Moreover, some evidence exists about a common clonal origin of LGL and myeloid clones, including the detection of STAT3 mutations, typical of LGL, in myeloid precursors from myelodysplastic patients. In this article we reviewed available literature regarding the association of LGL clones with myeloid neoplasms (myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and acute myeloid leukemias) and bone marrow failures (aplastic anemia and pure red cell aplasia, PRCA) focusing on evidence of pathogenic, clinical, and prognostic relevance. It emerged that LGL clones may be found in up to one third of patients, particularly those with PRCA, and are associated with a more cytopenic phenotype and good response to immunosuppression. Pathogenically, LGL clones seem to expand after myeloid therapies, whilst immunosuppression leading to LGL depletion may favor leukemic escape and thus requires caution.read more
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Low-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome Revisited: Morphological, Autoimmune, and Molecular Features as Predictors of Outcome in a Single Center Experience
Bruno Fattizzo,Giorgia Levati,Juri Alessandro Giannotta,Giulio Cassanello,Lilla Cro,Anna Zaninoni,Marzia Barbieri,Giorgio Alberto Croci,Nicoletta Revelli,Wilma Barcellini +9 more
TL;DR: G granular evaluation and re-evaluation are pivotal in LR-MDS patients to optimize clinical management and to optimized clinical management of molecular lesions and autoimmune phenomena.
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Gain-of-function defects in toll-like receptor 8 shed light on the interface between immune system and bone marrow failure disorders
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Cymbopogon citratus protect against lead-induced suppression of haematological and tubuloglomerular functions as well as disruption of hepatocellular membranes in male Wistar rats
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the effect of Cymbopogon citratus on lead acetate induced hepatorenal toxicity in male Wistar rat, and found that the herb significantly attenuated lead-induced liver and kidney damage by lowering plasma concentrations of ALP, ALT, AST, creatinine, uric acid and urea.
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LGL Clonal Expansion and Unexplained Cytopenia: Two Clues Don’t Make an Evidence
Giulia Calabretto,Enrico Attardi,Carmelo Gurnari,Gianpietro Semenzato,Maria Teresa Voso,Renato Zambello +5 more
TL;DR: The clinical relevance of LGL clones in the diagnostic algorithm to be followed in patients presenting with cytopenias is discussed, offering a foundation for rational management approaches.
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