Journal ArticleDOI
Load Theory of Selective Attention and Cognitive Control
TLDR
In this article, a load theory of attention in which distractor rejection depends on the level and type of load involved in current processing was tested, and it was shown that whereas high perceptual load reduces distractor interference, working memory load or dual-task coordination load increases distractor interferences.Abstract:
A load theory of attention in which distractor rejection depends on the level and type of load involved in current processing was tested. A series of experiments demonstrates that whereas high perceptual load reduces distractor interference, working memory load or dual-task coordination load increases distractor interference. These findings suggest 2 selective attention mechanisms: a perceptual selection mechanism serving to reduce distractor perception in situations of high perceptual load that exhaust perceptual capacity in processing relevant stimuli and a cognitive control mechanism that reduces interference from perceived distractors as long as cognitive control functions are available to maintain current priorities (low cognitive load). This theory resolves the long-standing early versus late selection debate and clarifies the role of cognitive control in selective attention.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory.
TL;DR: Attentional control theory is an approach to anxiety and cognition representing a major development of Eysenck and Calvo's (1992) processing efficiency theory and may not impair performance effectiveness when it leads to the use of compensatory strategies (e.g., enhanced effort; increased use of processing resources).
Journal ArticleDOI
Distracted and confused?: Selective attention under load
TL;DR: These findings provide a resolution to the long-standing early and late selection debate within a load theory of attention that accommodates behavioural and neuroimaging data within a framework that integrates attention research with executive function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive functions and self-regulation
TL;DR: It is argued that temporary reductions in executive functions underlie many of the situational risk factors identified in the social psychological research on self-regulation and review recent evidence that the training of executive functions holds significant potential for improving poor self- regulation in problem populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
A taxonomy of external and internal attention.
TL;DR: A taxonomy based on the types of information that attention operates over--the targets of attention is proposed, providing an organizing framework that recasts classic debates, raises new issues, and frames understanding of neural mechanisms.
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How do emotion and motivation direct executive control
TL;DR: The 'dual competition' framework proposes that emotion and motivation affect both perceptual and executive competition, and the anterior cingulate cortex is hypothesized to be engaged in attentional/effortful control mechanisms and to interact with several other brain structures in integrating affectively significant signals with control signals in prefrontal cortex.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
Earl K. Miller,Jonathan D. Cohen +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that cognitive control stems from the active maintenance of patterns of activity in the prefrontal cortex that represent goals and the means to achieve them, which provide bias signals to other brain structures whose net effect is to guide the flow of activity along neural pathways that establish the proper mappings between inputs, internal states, and outputs needed to perform a given task.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neural Mechanisms of Selective Visual Attention
Robert Desimone,John S. Duncan +1 more
TL;DR: The two basic phenomena that define the problem of visual attention can be illustrated in a simple example and selectivity-the ability to filter out un wanted information is illustrated.
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The Attention System of the Human Brain
TL;DR: Illustration de trois fonctions principales qui sont predominantes dans l'etude de l'intervention de l'sattention dans les processus cognitifs: 1) orientation vers des evenements sensoriels; 2) detection des signaux par processus focal; 3) maintenir la vigilance en etat d'alerte
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The Fusiform Face Area: A Module in Human Extrastriate Cortex Specialized for Face Perception
TL;DR: The data allow us to reject alternative accounts of the function of the fusiform face area (area “FF”) that appeal to visual attention, subordinate-level classification, or general processing of any animate or human forms, demonstrating that this region is selectively involved in the perception of faces.