Journal ArticleDOI
Localisation of reiterated nucleotide sequences in Drosophila and mouse by in situ hybridisation of complementary RNA.
TLDR
It is inferred that both in mouse and Drosophila the centromeric regions of all chromosomes are enriched in highly reiterated sequences, which might play some role in promoting the close physical approximation of homologous and non-homologous chromosomes or chromosome regions to facilitate regulation of function.Abstract:
The location of highly reiterated nucleotide sequences on the chromosomes has been studied by the technique of in situ hybridisation between the DNA of either Drosophila melanogaster salivary gland chromosomes or mouse chromosomes and tritium labelled complementary RNA (c-RNA) transcribed in vitro from appropriate templates with the aid of DNA dependent RNA polymerase extracted from Micrococcus lysodeikticus. The location of the hybrid material was identified by autoradiography after RNase treatment. — When Drosophila c-RNA, transcribed from whole DNA, was annealed with homologous salivary chromosomes in the presence of formamide the well defined labelling was confined to the chromocentre. With heat instead of formamide denaturation there was evidence of discontinuous labelling in various chromosome regions as well, apparently associated with banding. Xenopus ribosomal RNA showed no evidence of annealing to Drosophila chromosomes with the comparatively short exposure times used here. — When mouse satellite DNA was used as template the resulting c-RNA showed no hybridisation to Drosophila chromosomes but, when annealed with mouse chromosomes, the centromeric regions were intensely labelled. The interphase nuclei showed several distinct regions of high activity which suggested aggregation of centromeric regions of both homologous and non-homologous chromosomes. The results of annealing either c-RNA or labelled satellite DNA to homologous chromosomes were virtually indistinguishable. Incubation of Drosophila c-RNA with mouse chromosomes provided no evidence of localisation of grains. — It is inferred that both in mouse and Drosophila the centromeric regions of all chromosomes are enriched in highly reiterated sequences. This may be a general phenomenon and it might be tentatively suggested that the highly reiterated sequences play some role in promoting the close physical approximation of homologous and non-homologous chromosomes or chromosome regions to facilitate regulation of function.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic determination of patterns of gene expression during Drosophila embryogenesis
Pavel Tomancak,Amy Beaton,Richard Weiszmann,Elaine Kwan,ShengQiang Shu,Suzanna E. Lewis,Stephen Richards,Michael Ashburner,Volker Hartenstein,Susan E. Celniker,Gerald M. Rubin,Gerald M. Rubin +11 more
TL;DR: Analyzing gene-expression patterns by in situ hybridization to whole-mount embryos provides an extremely rich dataset that can be used to identify genes involved in developmental processes that have been missed by traditional genetic analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heterochromatin, satellite DNA, and cell function. Structural DNA of eucaryotes may support and protect genes and aid in speciation.
Jorge J. Yunis,Walid G. Yasmineh +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that a certain amount of constitutive heterochromatin is essential in multicellular organisms at two levels of organization, chromosomal and nuclear.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global analysis of patterns of gene expression during Drosophila embryogenesis.
Pavel Tomancak,Pavel Tomancak,Pavel Tomancak,Benjamin P. Berman,Benjamin P. Berman,Amy Beaton,Amy Beaton,Richard Weiszmann,Elaine Kwan,Elaine Kwan,Volker Hartenstein,Susan E. Celniker,Gerald M. Rubin,Gerald M. Rubin,Gerald M. Rubin +14 more
TL;DR: Nearly 60% of the genes with detectable expression exhibit broad patterns reflecting quantitative rather than qualitative differences between tissues, and the expression patterns of over 1,500 of these genes are documented here for the first time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reptitive DNA sequences in drosophila.
TL;DR: The satellite DNAs of Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis have been examined by isopycnic centrifugation, thermal denaturation, and in situ molecular hybridization and it is concluded that the majority of repetitive sequences in D.virilis andD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Localization of RNA from heat-induced polysomes at puff sites in Drosophila melanogaster
TL;DR: Most of the poly(adenylic acid)-containing RNA isolated from high-temperature polysomes sediments in sucrose gradients and migrates in gels as a rather narrow band is of sufficient size to code for one particular protein that is found to account for more than half of the total synthesis at high temperature.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Formation and detection of rna-dna hybrid molecules in cytological preparations
Joseph G. Gall,Mary Lou Pardue +1 more
TL;DR: A technique is described for forming molecular hybrids between RNA in solution and the DNA of intact cytological preparations and a low level of gene amplification was also detected in premeiotic nuclei (oogonia) of the toad Xenopus.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-DNA Hybrids at the Cytological Level
TL;DR: Radioactive RNA introduced into “target” cells can be induced to form hybrids with nuclear DNA and the location of these hybrids can be detected by autoradiography.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nucleic acid reassociation in formamide.
TL;DR: The present study explores in detail the relationships among the rate and specificity of reaction, the temperature, and the concentrations of formamide and salt.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular hybridization of radioactive dna to the dna of cytological preparations
Mary Lou Pardue,Joseph G. Gall +1 more
TL;DR: A method for detecting the cellular location of specific DNA fractions through hybridization of a radioactive test DNA in solution to the stationary DNA of a cytological preparation and experiments with DNA of the toad Xenopus are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosomal and Nuclear Location of Mouse Satellite DNA in Individual Cells
TL;DR: Single strands of mouse satellite DNA were annealed to nuclei and chromosomes in mouse cells and it is suggested that there is a concentration of satellite DNA sequences close to the centromeres of the chromosomes.