Malignant hyperthermia: aetiology unknown.
B. A. Brut,Werner Kalow +1 more
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Clinical and experimental evidence available to date indicate that the site of the defect is peripheral and not central, and changes in carbohydrate metabolism as indicated by lactic acid accumulation are prominent in pigs and presumably in man.Abstract:
The aetiology of malignant hyperthermia still remains obscure, but the search is narrowing. Clinical and experimental evidence available to date indicate that the site of the defect is peripheral and not central. Absence of muscle phosphorylase, impaired atpase activity of cell membranes, and the defect in myotonia dystrophica do not appear to be causative factors, at least not in those cases associated with rigidity. Metabolic defects in man known to be associated with mitochondrial alterations and an uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation cause clinical symptoms which are not observed among patients predisposed to malignant hyperthermia. However, a combination of halothane and dinitrophenol in dogs has produced a syndrome with many features of malignant hyperthermia. The malignant hyperthermia which occurs on the basis of a genetic defect in Landrace pigs is not only clinically identical with the human syndrome, but also identical in many of the biochemical features. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism as indicated by lactic acid accumulation are prominent in pigs and presumably in man. A difference in plasma calcium might represent a fundamental distinction if an artefact can be excluded and therefore needs to be carefully explored. The most puzzling observation in pigs, namely a 50 per cent increase in plasma magnesium within minutes of exposure to halothane, demands measurements of that parameter in man.read more
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Malignant hyperthermia: a statistical review.
Beverley A. Britt,Werner Kalow +1 more
TL;DR: The finding that males were somewhat more commonly affected than were females in patients who responded to general anaesthetics with malignant hyperthermia does not contradict previous observations of dominant inheritance of the syndrome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolic error of muscle metabolism after recovery from malignant hyperthermia
TL;DR: The observations suggest that the metabolic error in hyperthermia with rigidity causes intracellular calcium metabolism to be vulnerable to drugs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of ryanodine receptors.
TL;DR: A hypothesis of molecular interaction in view of the plunger model of action potential-induced Ca release is discussed, suggesting that the model could be compatible with Ryr1 and Ryr3, but incompatible with Ryanodine2.
Book ChapterDOI
Porcine Stress Syndromes
G. Mitchell,James J. A. Heffron +1 more
TL;DR: The data presented here argue that pigs most likely to develop malignant hyperthermia and porcine stress syndrome have a “homozygote” genetic defect involving a single gene.
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Malignant hyperthermia in Canada: characteristics of index anesthetics in 129 malignant hyperthermia susceptible probands.
Sheila Riazi,Marilyn Green Larach,Charles Hu,Duminda N. Wijeysundera,Christine Massey,Natalia Kraeva +5 more
TL;DR: It is confirmed in this independent dataset that increased complication rates were associated with an increased time interval between the first adverse clinical sign and dantrolene treatment, which underscores the need for early diagnosis and rapid dantolene access and administration in anesthetizing locations using either succinylcholine or volatile anesthetic drugs.
References
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