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Meta-analysis of randomized trials of angioedema as an adverse event of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors.

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TLDR
Investigation of randomized clinical trials from 1980 to October 2011 found incidence of angioedema with ARBs and DRI was <1/2 than that with ACE inhibitors and not significantly different from placebo.
Abstract
Angioedema is a rare, potentially life-threatening adverse event of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors. The objective of the present study was to determine the risk of angioedema from randomized clinical trials. A PubMed/CENTRAL/EMBASE search was made for randomized clinical trials from 1980 to October 2011 in patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), or direct renin inhibitor (DRI). Trials with a total number of patients ≥100 and a duration of ≥8 weeks were included for analysis. Incidence of angioedema was pooled by weighing the incident rate of each trial by the inverse of the variance. Twenty-six trials with 74,857 patients in the ACE inhibitor arm with 232,523 person-years of follow-up, 19 trials with 35,479 patients on ARB with 122,293 person-years of follow-up, and 2 trials with 5,141 patients on DRI with 1,735 person-years of follow-up met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. In head-to-head comparison in 7 trials, risk of angioedema with ACE inhibitors was 2.2 times higher than with ARBs (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5 to 3.3). With ACE inhibitors and ARBs, incidence of angioedema was higher in heart failure trials compared to hypertension or coronary artery disease trials without heart failure (p

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Citations
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2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines

- 03 May 2022 - 
TL;DR: The 2022 guideline as discussed by the authors provides patient-centric recommendations for clinicians to prevent, diagnose, and manage patients with heart failure, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients' interests.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement

TL;DR: Moher et al. as mentioned in this paper introduce PRISMA, an update of the QUOROM guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which is used in this paper.
Journal Article

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.

TL;DR: The QUOROM Statement (QUality Of Reporting Of Meta-analyses) as mentioned in this paper was developed to address the suboptimal reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Journal ArticleDOI

Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test

TL;DR: Funnel plots, plots of the trials' effect estimates against sample size, are skewed and asymmetrical in the presence of publication bias and other biases Funnel plot asymmetry, measured by regression analysis, predicts discordance of results when meta-analyses are compared with single large trials.
Journal ArticleDOI

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement

TL;DR: PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is introduced, an update of the QUOROM guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Journal ArticleDOI

Effects of an angiotensin-converting -enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients

TL;DR: Ramipril significantly reduces the rates of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in a broad range of high-risk patients who are not known to have a low ejection fraction or heart failure.
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