Journal ArticleDOI
Methamphetamine and cardiovascular pathology: a review of the evidence.
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TLDR
There is sufficient clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that methamphetamine can have adverse and potentially fatal effects on the cardiovascular system.Abstract:
Aims To examine the literature pertaining to the cardiovascular effects of methamphetamine and discuss the implications for methamphetamine users.
Methods Relevant literature was identified through comprehensive MEDLINE and EMBASE searches.
Findings and conclusions There is sufficient clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that methamphetamine can have adverse and potentially fatal effects on the cardiovascular system. The existing literature suggests that: (1) methamphetamine users are at elevated risk of cardiac pathology; (2) risk is not likely to be limited to the duration of their methamphetamine use, because of the chronic pathology associated with methamphetamine use; (3) the risk of cardiac pathology is greatest among chronic methamphetamine users; (4) pre-existing cardiac pathology, due to methamphetamine use or other factors, increases the risk of an acute cardiac event; and (5) methamphetamine use is likely to exacerbate the risk of cardiac pathology from other causes, and may therefore lead to premature mortality.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Extent of illicit drug use and dependence, and their contribution to the global burden of disease.
Louisa Degenhardt,Wayne Hall +1 more
TL;DR: The regional and global distribution of use and estimated health burden from illicit drugs is outlined, and the health-related harms of cannabis use differ from those of amphetamine, cocaine, and opioid use, in that cannabis contributes little to mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the clinical pharmacology of methamphetamine.
TL;DR: Repeated use of methamphetamine may induce neurotoxicity, associated with prolonged psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Major physical and psychological harms of methamphetamine use
TL;DR: The current public image of methamphetamine does not portray adequately the extensive, and in many cases insidious, harms caused.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicity of amphetamines: an update
Márcia Carvalho,Helena Carmo,Vera Marisa Costa,João Paulo Capela,Helena Pontes,Fernando Remião,Félix Carvalho,Maria de Lourdes Bastos +7 more
TL;DR: The long-studied classical amphetamines—amphetamine itself, as well as methamphetamine and MDMA provide plenty of data that may be useful to predict toxicological outcome to improvident abusers and are for that reason the main focus of this review.
Journal ArticleDOI
The methamphetamine problem in the United States.
TL;DR: The historical underpinnings of the MA problem, epidemiological trends in MA use, key subgroups at risk for MA problems, the health and social factors associated withMA use, and interventions available for addressing theMA problem are described.
References
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Book
Oxford textbook of medicine
TL;DR: Oxford textbook of medicine, Oxford textbook of Medicine, کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشدکی اتهران.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low Level of Brain Dopamine D2 Receptors in Methamphetamine Abusers: Association With Metabolism in the Orbitofrontal Cortex
Nora D. Volkow,Linda Chang,Gene-Jack Wang,Joanna S. Fowler,Y.-S. Ding,Mark J. Sedler,Jean Logan,Dinko Franceschi,John Gatley,Robert Hitzemann,Andrew N. Gifford,Christopher Wong,Naomi Pappas +12 more
TL;DR: The association between level of dopamine D2 receptors and metabolism in the orbit ofrontal cortex in methamphetamine abusers suggests that D2 receptor-mediated dysregulation of the orbitofrontal cortex could underlie a common mechanism for loss of control and compulsive drug intake in drug-addicted subjects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methamphetamine-related psychiatric symptoms and reduced brain dopamine transporters studied with PET.
Yoshimoto Sekine,Masaomi Iyo,Yasuomi Ouchi,Tsutomu Matsunaga,Hideo Tsukada,Hiroyuki Okada,Etsuji Yoshikawa,Masami Futatsubashi,Nori Takei,Norio Mori +9 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that longer use of methamphetamine may cause more severe psychiatric symptoms and greater reduction of dopamine transporter density in the brain, and show that the dopamine transporter reduction may be long-lasting, even if methamphetamine use ceases.
Journal ArticleDOI
The prevalence of psychotic symptoms among methamphetamine users
TL;DR: The prevalence of psychosis among the current sample of methamphetamine users was 11 times higher than among the general population in Australia, and Dependent methamphetamine users are a particularly high-risk group for psychosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pre-morbid characteristics and co-morbidity of methamphetamine users with and without psychosis.
C K Chen,Shih Ku Lin,Pak C. Sham,David Ball,E W Loh,C C Hsiao,Y L Chiang,S C Ree,Chung-Li Lee,Robin M. Murray +9 more
TL;DR: Earlier and larger use of MAMP was associated with increased risk of psychosis, compatible with the view that pre-morbid schizoid/schizotypal personality predisposes MAMP users to develop psychosis, and that the greater the personality vulnerability, the longer the psychosis will persist.