Patent
Microscale combustion calorimeter
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TLDR
In this paper, a calorimeter for measuring flammability parameters of materials using only milligram sample quantities is described, and the thermochemical and thermophysical processes associated with the flaming combustion of solids are reproduced in the device through rapid anaerobic pyrolysis in a thermogravimetric analyzer.Abstract:
A calorimeter for measuring flammability parameters of materials using only milligram sample quantities. The thermochemical and thermophysical processes associated with the flaming combustion of solids are reproduced in the device through rapid anaerobic pyrolysis in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Volatile anaerobic thermal decomposition products are swept from the pyrolysis chamber by an inert gas and combined with excess oxygen in a combustion chamber maintained at several hundred degrees Centigrade to simulate the combustion reactions which occur in a well ventilated diffusion flame. Mass loss is measured continuously during the process and heat release rate is calculated from the oxygen consumed from the gas stream.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Flammability behaviour of wood and a review of the methods for its reduction
Laura Anne Lowden,T.R. Hull +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, potential approaches for fire retarding timber are reviewed, identifying two main approaches: char formation and isolating layers, and other potential approaches are recognised, including the use of inorganic minerals, such as sericrite, and metal foils in combination with intumescent products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter: A tool to assess flame retarded PC/ABS materials?
TL;DR: In this article, the pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter (PCFC) was used as a tool for assessing the flammability of a polycarbonate (bisphenol A)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) blend containing different flame retardants and additives.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review on flammability of biofibres and biocomposites.
Mfiso Emmanuel Mngomezulu,Mfiso Emmanuel Mngomezulu,Maya Jacob John,Maya Jacob John,Valencia Jacobs,Valencia Jacobs,Adriaan S. Luyt +6 more
TL;DR: This paper reviews the literature on the recent developments on flammability studies of bio-fibres, biopolymers and natural fibre-reinforced biocomposites, and covers the different types of flame retardants used and their mechanisms.
Book
Handbook of Building Materials for Fire Protection
TL;DR: Handbook of building materials for fire protection as discussed by the authors, Handbook of Building Materials for Fire Protection (HBSFPA), Handbook of Fire Protection for Building Materials (HFPFPA).
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of the thermal decomposition and flammability of PEEK and its carbon and glass-fibre composites
Parina Patel,T. Richard Hull,Richard E. Lyon,Stanislav I. Stoliarov,Richard N. Walters,Sean Crowley,Natallia Safronava +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the flammability and fire behavior of PEEK and its composites using thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry, limiting oxygen index, a vertical flame resistance test, and fire (cone) calorimate.
References
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General treatment of the thermogravimetry of polymers
Joseph H. Flynn,Leo A. Wall +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that methods involving a variable rate of heating or involving several thermogravimetric traces at different rates of heating are capable of establishing the uniqueness of kinetic parameters.
Book
Thermal characterization of polymeric materials
TL;DR: In this article, P.K. Gallagher and R.E. Bessy films were used for thermal characterization of composites, and Wunderlich thermoplastic polymers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of rate of heat release by means of oxygen consumption measurements
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method based on the generalization that the heats of combustion per unit of oxygen consumed are approximately the same for most fuels commonly encountered in fires, which can then be converted to a measure of heat release.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heat release rate: The single most important variable in fire hazard☆
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explain why heat release rate is, in fact, the single most important variable in characterizing the "flammability" of products and their consequent fire hazard.