Migration of major constituents from lake sediments into lake water and its bearing on lake water composition
Abraham Lerman,G. J. Brunskill +1 more
TLDR
In the case of two lakes on the Precambrian shield near Kcnora, Ontario, flux from the lake floor contributes X-30010 or less of the four major cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K) in the lakes.Abstract:
ARSTRACT Differences in concentrations of major ions and silica bctwecn interstitial and lake watcl suggest that some fraction of the total chemical budget of a lake may bc supported by diffusional flux of dissolved constituents from sediment into lake water. Estimates of flux from the lake floor give a mean rate of dissolution of sediment or the rate of subaqueous weathering. In the case of two lakes on the Precambrian shield near Kcnora, Ontario, flux from the lake floor contributes X-30010, or less, of the four major cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K) in the lakes. Flux of this magnitude corresponds to dissolution of 0.02-0.04 cm yr-‘ of bulk (solids + water) sediment. The rate of dissolution is less than the typical rates of deposition in postglacial lakes. For such events as lasting changes in the concentrations of dissolved constituents in inflow, new steady-state concentrations in lake water are attained faster in the presence of flux from the sediment. Mixing of a thin layer of lake floor sediment with lake water may produce transient increases in concentration in lake waterread more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
The Mineralogy and Related Chemistry of Lake Sediments
Blair F. Jones,Carl J. Bowser +1 more
TL;DR: The sediment reservoir of a lake plays an important role in helping to elucidate the many processes occurring within the total lake system, including its surrounding surface and ground water drainage basins as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural Water and Chemical Budgets for a Small Precambrian Lake Basin in Central Canada
TL;DR: Results of a 4-yr study of the hydrology of the Rawson Lake watershed, as well as the chemistry of precipitation, streamflow, and the lake are presented in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Origin of Salts and Brine Evolution of Bolivian and Chilean Salars
François Risacher,Bertrand Fritz +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, three major brine groups are found in Andean salars: alkaline, sulfate-rich, and calcium-rich brines: calcic brines, which are not compatible with volcanic drainage basins.
BookDOI
Acidic Deposition and Aquatic Ecosystems
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present historical sulfur emission and deposition trends for regions in the United States and describe methods for assessing changes in water chemistry based on current spatial patterns, ion ratios and empirical models, and paleolimnological approaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Major ion chemistry in a tropical African lake basin
John J. Gaudet,John M. Melack +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the amount of water lost by seepage from Lake Naivasha, calculated as the residual in the water budget, was 5 (1973), 11 (1974) and 20% (1975) of the total water loss.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Geochemical Balance of a Small Watershed and Its Geomorphic Implications
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed input-output study of a small forested watershed draining the Wissahickon Formation in the Piedmont of Maryland revealed that chemical solution is five times as effective in removing material as is mechanical erosion, and that on a longterm basis approximately one-half of the erosion of the Pond Branch watershed is caused by chemical solution of the silicate minerals kaolinite, vermiculite, biotite, and oligoclase.
Journal ArticleDOI
The diffusion of ions in unconsolidated sediments
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that diffusion in unconsolidated sediments generally proceeds at rates ranging from half to one twentieth of those applying to diffusion of ions and molecules in free solution.
Journal ArticleDOI
The migration of manganese in the arctic basin sediment
TL;DR: A relatively high content of manganese at the top of an arctic sediment core and a smooth exponential increment in its interstitial water down to one meter have been found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preliminary Chemical Characterization of Waters in the Experimental Lakes Area, Northwestern Ontario
TL;DR: Water analyses in 1968 and 1969 from 40 small lakes within a small area of the Canadian Shield in northwestern Ontario gave mean values for Ca, Na, Mg, and K with mean values of 1.6, 0.9, and 0.4 mg/liter with Ca > Na’s’ Mg” K on a molar basis.