Journal ArticleDOI
Mood disorders in the year after first stroke.
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TLDR
While there was a high cumulative incidence of psychiatric disorder, little of it persisted: only two cases of major depression were present for the whole 12 months and undue emphasis has been placed on major depression as a specific syndrome following stroke.Abstract:
An unselected community sample of 128 patients were studied over the 12 months after their first stroke, and compared with a control sample of subjects from the general population. Psychiatric status was assessed using the PSE and BDI. Symptoms of mood disorder were commoner in the stroke patients than the controls, but the differences were not substantial and had largely disappeared by 12 months. Psychiatric problems encountered included agoraphobia, social withdrawal, apathy and self-neglect, irritability and pathological emotionalism. While there was a high cumulative incidence of psychiatric disorder, little of it persisted: only two cases of major depression were present for the whole 12 months. We believe undue emphasis has been placed in the recent literature on major depression as a specific syndrome following stroke.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predictors of Depression after Stroke: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
TL;DR: A systematic review of all published nonexperimental studies (to June 2004) with prospective consecutive patient recruitment and quantification of depressive symptoms/illness after stroke was conducted in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Post-Stroke Depression: A Review
TL;DR: Poststroke depression has been recognized by psychiatrists for more than 100 years, but controlled systematic studies did not begin until the 1970s and recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials for the treatment and prevention of PSD have demonstrated the efficacy of antidepressants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural history, predictors and outcomes of depression after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis
TL;DR: Major predictors of depression are disability, depression pre-stroke, cognitive impairment, stroke severity and anxiety, and lower quality of life, mortality and disability are independent outcomes of depression after stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Major depression in stroke patients : A 3-year longitudinal study
TL;DR: Evidence is provided of a differentiation of factors likely to be implicated in the development of depression after stroke based on the period of time since the stroke event.
Journal ArticleDOI
Validity of the Beck Depression Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, SCL-90, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale as Screening Instruments for Depression in Stroke Patients
TL;DR: This study evaluated the depression screening abilities of three questionnaires and one observer-rated scale in 202 consecutive patients 1 month after they experienced their first-ever ischemic stroke and concluded that all scales were acceptable screening instruments for poststroke depression.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
An inventory for measuring depression
TL;DR: The difficulties inherent in obtaining consistent and adequate diagnoses for the purposes of research and therapy have been pointed out and a wide variety of psychiatric rating scales have been developed.