Journal ArticleDOI
Multitemporal ALSM change detection, sediment delivery, and process mapping at an active earthflow
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TLDR
In this article, an active earthflow was surveyed in 2003 and 2007 by airborne laser swath mapping (ALSM), enabling meter-scale quantification of landscape change and calculated four-year volumetric flux from the earthflow and compared it to long-term catchment average erosion rates from cosmogenic radionuclide inventories from adjacent watersheds.Abstract:
Remote mapping and measurement of surface processes at high spatial resolution is among the frontiers in Earth surface process research. Remote measurements that allow meter-scale mapping of landforms and quantification of landscape change can revolutionize the study of landscape evolution on human timescales. At Mill Gulch in northern California, USA, an active earthflow was surveyed in 2003 and 2007 by airborne laser swath mapping (ALSM), enabling meter-scale quantification of landscape change. We calculate four-year volumetric flux from the earthflow and compare it to long-term catchment average erosion rates from cosmogenic radionuclide inventories from adjacent watersheds. We also present detailed maps of changing features on the earthflow, from which we can derive velocity estimates and infer dominant process. These measurements rely on proper digital elevation model (DEM) generation and a simple surface-matching technique to align the multitemporal data in a manner that eliminates systematic error in either dataset. The mean surface elevation of the earthflow and an opposite slope that was directly influenced by the earthflow decreased 14 ± 1 mm/yr from 2003 to 2007. By making the conservative assumption that these features were the dominant contributor of sediment flux from the entire Mill Gulch drainage basin during this time interval, we calculate a minimum catchment-averaged erosion rate of 0·30 ± 0·02 mm/yr. Analysis of beryllium-10 (10Be) concentrations in fluvial sand from nearby Russian Gulch and the South Fork Gualala River provide catchment averaged erosion rates of 0·21 ± 0·04 and 0·23 ± 0·03 mm/yr respectively. From translated landscape features, we can infer surface velocities ranging from 0·5 m/yr in the wide upper ‘source’ portion of the flow to 5 m/yr in the narrow middle ‘transport’ portion of the flow. This study re-affirms the importance of mass wasting processes in the sediment budgets of uplifting weak lithologies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.read more
Citations
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High-resolution topography for understanding Earth surface processes: Opportunities and challenges
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the recent literature on high-resolution topographic analyses, underlining their opportunities and critical issues such as their limitations and future challenges.
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An evaluation of the effectiveness of low-cost UAVs and structure from motion for geomorphic change detection
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Rapid mapping of ultrafine fault zone topography with structure from motion
Kendra L. Johnson,Edwin Nissen,Srikanth Saripalli,J Ramón Arrowsmith,Patrick McGarey,Katherine M. Scharer,Patrick L. Williams,Kimberly Blisniuk +7 more
TL;DR: Structure from Motion (SfM) as discussed by the authors generates high-resolution topography and coregistered texture from an unstructured set of overlapping photographs taken from varying viewpoints, overcoming many of the cost, time, and logistical limitations of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and other topographic surveying methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
'You are HERE': Connecting the dots with airborne lidar for geomorphic fieldwork
Joshua J. Roering,Benjamin H. Mackey,J. A. Marshall,K. E. Sweeney,Natalia I. Deligne,Adam M. Booth,Alexander L. Handwerger,C. Cerovski-Darriau +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the primary means by which lidar has and will continue to transform how geomorphologists study landscape form and evolution are identified: (i) lidar serves as a detailed base map for field mapping and sample collection, (ii) lidars allows for rapid and accurate description of morphologic trends and patterns across broad areas, which facilitates model test- ing through increased accuracy and vastly increased sample sizes, and (iii, lidar enables the identification of unanticipated landforms, including those with unknown origin.
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Characterizing geomorphological change to support sustainable river restoration and management
TL;DR: In this paper, a temporal analysis of fluvial geomorphology supports process-based management that targets underlying problems in river ecology, such as loss of physical habitat, disruption to the longitudinal continuity of the river, and lateral disconnection between aquatic, wetland, and terrestrial ecosystems.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces: in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present theoretical estimates of the production rates of isotopes of He, Ne and Ar based on available cross-section data, and discuss the implications of these parameters for single and multiple nuclide studies in terms of the erosion models considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Air pressure and cosmogenic isotope production
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the cosmic ray flux increases at higher altitude as air pressure and the shielding effect of the atmosphere decrease, and that altitude-dependent scaling factors are required to compensate for this effect in calculating cosmic ray exposure ages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accounting for uncertainty in DEMs from repeat topographic surveys: improved sediment budgets
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an accounting for uncertainty in DEMs from repeat topographic surveys: improved sediment budgets, which can be used to improve the quality of topographic data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of LIDAR in landslide investigations: a review
Michel Jaboyedoff,Thierry Oppikofer,Antonio Abellán,Marc-Henri Derron,A. Loye,R. Metzger,Andrea Pedrazzini +6 more
TL;DR: A short history of the appraisal of laser scanner technologies in geosciences used for imaging relief by high-resolution digital elevation models (HRDEMs) or 3D models is presented in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of LiDAR-derived topographic information for characterizing and differentiating landslide morphology and activity
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface morphology of two canyon-rim landslides in southern Idaho was examined using airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR) and field observations for the currently active landslide, and the results suggest that topographic elements are related to the material types and the type of local motion of the landslide.
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